LLM Environmental Law — practice questions
80 free MCQs with worked solutions. Tap any question for the answer + explanation, or practice them all in the app.
Practice LLM Environmental Law in the app →Article 48A of the Constitution of India directs the State to:Article 51A(g) of the Constitution of India enumerates the FUNDAMENTAL DUTY of every citizen to:The Supreme Court in SUBHASH KUMAR v. STATE OF BIHAR, AIR 1991 SC 420 held that:In M.C. MEHTA v. UNION OF INDIA (Shriram Industries Case), AIR 1987 SC 965, the Supreme Court enunciated the dThe doctrine of PUBLIC TRUST in environmental law, as recognised by the Supreme Court in M.C. MEHTA v. KAMAL NIn VELLORE CITIZENS WELFARE FORUM v. UNION OF INDIA, AIR 1996 SC 2715, the Supreme Court held that the PRECAUTIn T.N. GODAVARMAN THIRUMULPAD v. UNION OF INDIA, (1997) 2 SCC 267, the Supreme Court interpreted 'FOREST' undThe doctrine of SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT was recognised by the Supreme Court in NARMADA BACHAO ANDOLAN v. UNIONIn INDIAN COUNCIL FOR ENVIRO-LEGAL ACTION v. UNION OF INDIA, (1996) 3 SCC 212 (BICHHRI village case), the SuprArticle 253 Constitution of India was invoked to enact key environmental laws after India ratified the:The ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986 was enacted under which CONSTITUTIONAL POWER and PRIMARY MOTIVATION?Section 2(a) EPA 1986 defines 'ENVIRONMENT' as including:Section 3(1) EPA 1986 confers on the CENTRAL GOVERNMENT the power to:Section 5 EPA 1986 enables the Central Government to issue DIRECTIONS in writing to any person, officer or anySection 6 EPA 1986 empowers the Central Government to make RULES on inter alia:Section 7 EPA 1986 PROHIBITS any person carrying on any industry, operation or process from:Section 8 EPA 1986 deals with PERSONS HANDLING HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES, requiring them to:Section 9 EPA 1986 deals with FURNISHING INFORMATION to authorities in case of:Section 10 EPA 1986 confers POWERS OF ENTRY AND INSPECTION on persons authorised by Central Government to:Section 11 EPA 1986 deals with POWER OF GOVERNMENT TO TAKE SAMPLES. The samples may be taken of:Section 15 EPA 1986 prescribes the PENALTY for contravention of any provision or rule under the Act:Section 16 EPA 1986 deals with OFFENCES BY COMPANIES. When an offence is committed by a company, the:Section 17 EPA 1986 deals with OFFENCES BY GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS. The Head of the Department:Section 18 EPA 1986 grants PROTECTION TO PERSONS ACTING IN GOOD FAITH from prosecution. The Section bars:Section 19 EPA 1986 restricts COGNIZANCE of offences. A court can only take cognizance of an offence on a compSection 24 EPA 1986 provides that the provisions of the Act shall be IN ADDITION TO and NOT IN DEROGATION OF aSection 26 EPA 1986 confers POWER on Central Government to make RULES. These rules are laid before:The Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972 was enacted by Parliament under Article 252 (resolution by States) of the CSection 9 Wildlife Protection Act 1972 absolutely PROHIBITS:Section 35 Wildlife Protection Act 1972 enables declaration of NATIONAL PARKS. After declaration:Section 38J Wildlife Protection Act 1972, as inserted by the 2002 Amendment, creates COMMUNITY RESERVES for:Section 2 Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 requires PRIOR APPROVAL OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT for:The WATER (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974 establishes the:Section 24 Water Act 1974 PROHIBITS any person from:The AIR (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 was enacted following:The NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL ACT 2010 establishes the NGT for:Section 14 NGT Act 2010 confers JURISDICTION over substantial questions arising under which seven Acts?Section 15 NGT Act 2010 confers POWER to ORDER RELIEF and COMPENSATION. The Tribunal may award compensation foSection 16 NGT Act 2010 prescribes the PERIOD OF LIMITATION for filing applications. The application may be fiThe STOCKHOLM DECLARATION 1972 (Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment) was adoThe RIO DECLARATION ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 1992, Principle 21, states that:The PARIS AGREEMENT 2015 was adopted under the:Under Article 4 of the Paris Agreement 2015, each Party shall prepare and communicate successive:The KYOTO PROTOCOL 1997 established BINDING MITIGATION TARGETS for ANNEX I Parties (developed countries) for tThe MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER 1987 is considered the:The CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY 1992 (CBD) has THREE principal OBJECTIVES:The BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY ACT 2002 (India) establishes the:The doctrine of INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY in environmental law, recognized by Indian Supreme Court, holds that:In OLEUM GAS LEAK CASE (M.C. Mehta v. Union of India), AIR 1987 SC 965, the Supreme Court read the right to a The 'POLLUTER PAYS PRINCIPLE' adopted by the Indian Supreme Court in INDIAN COUNCIL FOR ENVIRO-LEGAL ACTION v.Section 18A NGT Act 2010 provides that the NGT shall not be bound by the procedure laid down by the:In A.P. POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD v. PROF. M.V. NAYUDU (II), AIR 2001 SC 3215, the Supreme Court endorsed the PRIn SAMATHA v. STATE OF A.P., AIR 1997 SC 3297, the Supreme Court protected:The SAMATHA judgment was followed by Parliament enacting the:The NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT POLICY 2006 (NEP) of India enunciates which CARDINAL PRINCIPLES?The COMPENSATORY AFFORESTATION FUND ACT (CAMPA) 2016 mandates:Section 5 EPA 1986 was famously invoked in the context of the SHRIRAM INDUSTRIES (Oleum Gas Leak) case to:Section 17 NGT Act 2010 provides that the NGT shall, in providing relief or compensation, adopt the PRINCIPLESThe PUBLIC LIABILITY INSURANCE ACT 1991 was enacted in the aftermath of the:Section 3 of the Public Liability Insurance Act 1991 imposes liability on the owner of hazardous substances onThe COASTAL REGULATION ZONE (CRZ) NOTIFICATION was issued under EPA 1986 to:The EIA NOTIFICATION 2006 under EPA 1986 requires PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE for:The CHIPKO MOVEMENT (1973) in Uttarakhand, while not a legal case per se, INFLUENCED Indian environmental juriThe NATIONAL CLEAN AIR PROGRAMME (NCAP) 2019 of India aims to:The Indian Supreme Court in MEHTA v. UNION OF INDIA (Vehicular Pollution Case), W.P.(C) No. 13029/1985, mandatThe COMMISSION FOR AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT (CAQM) for NCR and Adjoining Areas was established by:The doctrine of ENVIRONMENTAL PUBLIC TRUST was recognised by the Supreme Court in M.C. Mehta v. Kamal Nath, (1The HAZARDOUS AND OTHER WASTES (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules 2016, made under EPA 1986, governThe MINIMATA CONVENTION ON MERCURY 2013 addresses the global threat of:The STOCKHOLM CONVENTION ON PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPs) 2001 targets:The 'CARBON SINK' concept in international environmental law refers to:Section 21 EPA 1986 (Members, officers and other employees of the authority to be public servants) declares thSection 23 EPA 1986 enables the Central Government to DELEGATE its powers under the Act to:The TIGER RESERVE under Section 38V Wildlife Protection Act 1972 (inserted by 2006 Amendment) is governed by:The Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act 2022 introduced significant changes to the 1972 Act, INCLUDING:The NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT 2005 establishes the NDMA (National Disaster Management Authority) chaireThe 'PRINCIPLE OF EQUITY' in international environmental law (intra-generational and inter-generational) is reUnder the BIO-MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT RULES 2016 (notified under EPA 1986), the segregation of bio-medical waThe SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT RULES 2016 require segregation of waste at SOURCE into:The PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT RULES 2016 (as amended in 2022) prohibit: