The STOCKHOLM CONVENTION ON PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPs) 2001 targets:
Aonly marine pollution from oil spills (cf. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants 2001) (cf. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants 2001)
Bonly municipal sewage discharge (cf. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants 2001) (cf. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants 2001)
Conly nuclear waste materials (cf. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants 2001) (cf. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants 2001)
Dthe elimination or restriction of PRODUCTION and USE of POPS — initially 12 'dirty dozen' chemicals (PCBs, DDT, dioxins, furans, aldrin, dieldrin, etc.); subsequently expanded
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. the elimination or restriction of PRODUCTION and USE of POPS — initially 12 'dirty dozen' chemicals (PCBs, DDT, dioxins, furans, aldrin, dieldrin, etc.); subsequently expanded
1. The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants was adopted on 22 May 2001 and entered into force on 17 May 2004.
2. Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are chemicals that: (i) persist in the environment; (ii) bioaccumulate through the food web; (iii) pose risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment.
3. Initial 'dirty dozen' POPs: (i) aldrin, (ii) chlordane, (iii) DDT, (iv) dieldrin, (v) endrin, (vi) heptachlor, (vii) hexachlorobenzene (HCB), (viii) mirex, (ix) toxaphene, (x) PCBs, (xi) dioxins, (xii) furans.
4. Subsequently expanded to include lindane, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), endosulfan, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, etc.
5. India ratified the Stockholm Convention on 13 January 2006.
6. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: EPA 1986 / Constitution / International Conventions — Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants 2001_
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