The AIR (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 was enacted following:
Athe Bhopal Gas Tragedy 1984 alone (cf. Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981, Preamble; Stockholm Declaration 1972)
Bthe Kyoto Protocol 1997 (cf. Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981, Preamble; Stockholm Declaration 1972)
Cthe Stockholm Declaration 1972 (a Conference resolved that air pollution required regulation, leading to many countries enacting air laws)
Dthe Paris Agreement 2015 (cf. Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981, Preamble; Stockholm Declaration 1972)
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. the Stockholm Declaration 1972 (a Conference resolved that air pollution required regulation, leading to many countries enacting air laws)
1. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 was enacted to give effect to the decisions taken at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm in June 1972.
2. The Preamble refers to India having participated in the Stockholm Conference and being committed to environmental protection.
3. The Air Act 1981 extends similar institutional framework as the Water Act 1974 to AIR POLLUTION.
4. Section 19 enables State Government to declare AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AREAS.
5. Section 21 prohibits any person from establishing or operating an industrial plant in an Air Pollution Control Area without prior consent of the SPCB.
6. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: EPA 1986 / Constitution of India / Stockholm/Rio/Paris / Indian SC environmental jurisprudence — Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981, Preamble; Stockholm Declaration 1972_
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