The 'PRINCIPLE OF EQUITY' in international environmental law (intra-generational and inter-generational) is reflected in:
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C.
1. The PRINCIPLE OF EQUITY in international environmental law has TWO dimensions:
2. (i) INTRA-GENERATIONAL EQUITY — fairness within the current generation, between developed and developing countries (resources, responsibility, capacity);
3. (ii) INTER-GENERATIONAL EQUITY — fairness between present and future generations (Brundtland 1987, sustainable development).
4. Rio Declaration 1992, Principle 3: 'The right to development must be fulfilled so as to equitably meet developmental and environmental needs of present and future generations.'
5. Rio Declaration 1992, Principle 7: 'Common but differentiated responsibilities' (CBDR).
6. UNFCCC 1992, Article 3.1: principles of equity and CBDR.
7. Paris Agreement 2015 reaffirms CBDR in light of national circumstances.
8. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: EPA 1986 / Constitution / International Conventions — Rio Declaration 1992, Principles 3, 7; UNFCCC 1992, Article 3; Paris Agreement 2015_
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