The KYOTO PROTOCOL 1997 established BINDING MITIGATION TARGETS for ANNEX I Parties (developed countries) for the first commitment period of:

1. The Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC was adopted on 11 December 1997 in Kyoto, Japan, and entered into force on 16 February 2005. 2. Article 3 prescribes BINDING EMISSION REDUCTION COMMITMENTS for Annex I (developed) countries for the first commitment period 2008-2012 — average 5% reduction from 1990 levels. 3. The Doha Amendment of 8 December 2012 created a SECOND COMMITMENT PERIOD 2013-2020 with 18% reduction target. 4. The Kyoto Protocol's binding model was replaced by the Paris Agreement's NDC model. 5. Notable absentees: USA never ratified Kyoto; Canada withdrew in 2011. 6. Hence option B is correct. _Source: EPA 1986 / Constitution of India / Stockholm/Rio/Paris / Indian SC environmental jurisprudence — Kyoto Protocol 1997, Article 3; Doha Amendment 2012_