In VELLORE CITIZENS WELFARE FORUM v. UNION OF INDIA, AIR 1996 SC 2715, the Supreme Court held that the PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE and the POLLUTER PAYS PRINCIPLE are part of:

1. In Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum (the Tamil Nadu tanneries case), the Supreme Court held: 'The Precautionary Principle and the Polluter Pays Principle have been accepted as part of the law of the land. Article 21 of the Constitution of India guarantees protection of life and personal liberty. Articles 47, 48A and 51A(g) of the Constitution are as under:..' 2. The Court considered these principles as customary international law (drawing from Rio Declaration 1992). 3. Polluter Pays Principle: the polluter must bear the cost of pollution control and remediation, plus compensation. 4. Precautionary Principle: lack of full scientific certainty does not justify postponing measures. 5. Hence option B is correct. _Source: EPA 1986 / Constitution of India / Stockholm/Rio/Paris / Indian SC environmental jurisprudence — Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum v. Union of India, AIR 1996 SC 2715_