NEET UG Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids — practice questions
81 free MCQs with worked solutions. Tap any question for the answer + explanation, or practice them all in the app.
Practice NEET UG Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids in the app →The carbonyl carbon in aldehydes and ketones is:The IUPAC name of (CH₃)₂CHCH₂COCH(CH₃)₂ is:Glutaric acid is the common name for:Acetophenone (C₆H₅COCH₃) can be prepared by Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene with:In nucleophilic addition reactions, the relative reactivity order is:A reaction of an aldehyde with ammonia followed by a primary amine R-NH₂ gives:**Clemmensen reduction** converts C=O of a ketone to CH₂ using:Aromatic ring of acetophenone (C₆H₅COCH₃) undergoes electrophilic substitution. The carbonyl group is:Why is acetic acid (pKa ≈ 4.76) much MORE acidic than ethanol (pKa ≈ 16)?Which of the following reactions is used to **distinguish** acetophenone (PhCOCH₃) from benzaldehyde (PhCHO)?Esterification of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol catalysed by conc. H₂SO₄ (Fischer esterification) is a:Per NCERT §9.2, the general formula of an alkane (saturated open-chain hydrocarbon) is which?Per NCERT §9.2 + Fig 9.1, the H-C-H bond angle in methane and the carbon hybridisation are which?Per NCERT §9.2.2(2)(ii), the Wurtz reaction uses which reagent + solvent for coupling alkyl halides?Per NCERT §9.2.2(3)(i), heating CH₃COONa with NaOH + CaO (soda-lime) produces which gas?Per NCERT §9.2.2(3)(ii), in Kolbe electrolytic synthesis of alkanes, the alkane gas is liberated at which elecPer NCERT §9.2.3, the rate of HALOGENATION of alkanes (F₂, Cl₂, Br₂, I₂) decreases in which order?Per NCERT §9.2.3, the rate of substitution of HYDROGENS in alkane halogenation goes in which order (by carbon Per NCERT §9.2.3 Mechanism, the FIRST step of methane chlorination under sunlight is best described as which?Per NCERT §9.2.4, the STAGGERED conformation of ethane is more stable than the eclipsed conformation by approxPer NCERT §9.2.4, the STAGGERED form of ethane is more stable than ECLIPSED for which reason?Per NCERT §9.2.3 + Table 9.2, isomeric pentanes (n-pentane, 2-methylbutane, neopentane) have which boiling-poiPer NCERT §9.2.2(1), hydrogenation of an alkene to an alkane uses dihydrogen with which kind of catalyst?Per NCERT §9.3.1, in ethene the C-C bond consists of which σ/π combination, and the carbons are which hybridisPer NCERT §9.3.3, geometrical (cis-trans) isomerism in alkenes arises because of which feature of the double bPer NCERT §9.3.3, the dipole moment of cis-but-2-ene (0.33 D) and trans-but-2-ene (≈ 0 D) shows which form is Per NCERT §9.3.4(1), partial reduction of an alkyne to a CIS alkene uses which catalyst?Per NCERT §9.3.4(1), reduction of an internal alkyne with Na in LIQUID NH₃ gives which kind of alkene?Per NCERT §9.3.6 (Markovnikov rule, 1869), HBr addition to propene gives mainly which product?Per NCERT §9.3.6, the peroxide (Kharasch) effect on HBr addition to propene gives mainly which product?Per NCERT §9.3.6, the peroxide effect is observed only with which hydrogen halide?Per NCERT §9.3.6 (electrophilic addition mechanism), the rate-determining intermediate in HBr + propene additiPer NCERT §9.3.6, mild oxidation of an alkene with cold dilute KMnO₄ (Baeyer's reagent) gives which product?Per NCERT §9.3.6 (ozonolysis), reductive ozonolysis of an alkene with O₃ followed by Zn/H₂O gives which class Per NCERT §9.3.6, addition of conc. H₂SO₄ to an alkene followed by water gives mainly which class of compound?Per NCERT §9.4 (structure), the carbon-carbon triple bond in ethyne (HC≡CH) consists of which σ/π combination?Per NCERT §9.4.1, the C-H bond in ethyne is unusually ACIDIC because of which factor?Per NCERT §9.4.2, calcium carbide (CaC₂) reacts with water to give which gas?Per NCERT §9.4.2, dehalogenation of vicinal dihalide with alcoholic KOH gives which class of compound?Per NCERT §9.4.3 (acidic character), terminal alkynes react with sodium metal to liberate which gas + sodium aPer NCERT §9.4.3, addition of water to ethyne in dilute H₂SO₄ with HgSO₄ catalyst gives which final product?Per NCERT §9.4.3, addition of water to propyne under HgSO₄/H₂SO₄ gives mainly which product (Markovnikov)?Per NCERT §9.4.4 (cyclic polymerisation), three molecules of ethyne polymerise over a hot red-hot tube to givePer NCERT §9.4.3 (addition of HBr), HBr addition to propyne gives which Markovnikov product?Per NCERT §9.3.4(1), reduction of an alkyne to a TRANS alkene uses which reagent system?Per NCERT §9.4 (general formula), the general molecular formula of an open-chain alkyne is which?Per NCERT §9.4 (structure), the C-H bond in ethyne has shorter bond length than that in ethane because of whicPer NCERT §9.5.3, the THREE criteria for aromaticity (Hückel) are which set?Per NCERT §9.5.3, for benzene the value of n in Hückel's (4n+2) π electron formula is which?Per NCERT §9.5.2, all six C-C bond lengths in benzene are equal to approximately which value?Per NCERT §9.5.2, the carbon atoms of benzene are which hybridisation?Per NCERT §9.5.5, the FIVE common electrophilic substitution reactions of benzene are which set?Per NCERT §9.5.5 nitration, the actual ELECTROPHILE that attacks benzene in HNO₃ + H₂SO₄ mixture is which specPer NCERT §9.5.5 halogenation, the role of anhydrous AlCl₃ (or FeCl₃) in benzene chlorination is which?Per NCERT §9.5.5(iv), Friedel-Crafts ALKYLATION of benzene uses which reagent system?Per NCERT §9.5.5(v), Friedel-Crafts ACYLATION of benzene uses an acyl halide + AlCl₃ to generate which electroPer NCERT §9.5.5 (EAS mechanism), the carbocation intermediate formed during EAS on benzene is called which spPer NCERT §9.5.6, which of the following groups is a META-directing substituent on benzene?Per NCERT §9.5.6, halogens (-Cl, -Br) on benzene are which kind of directors despite their deactivating -I effThe general formula for alkanes is:Adding HBr to propene CH$_3$-CH=CH$_2$ in absence of peroxide gives mainly:Benzene satisfies Hückel's rule with $4n + 2$ pi electrons for $n =$:Nitration of toluene (methylbenzene) on the lab gives products mostly at:Aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones in nucleophilic addition because:Tollens' reagent gives a silver mirror with:Carboxylic acids are more acidic than alcohols because:Among acetic acid, chloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, the strongest acid is:The IUPAC name of the simplest aldehyde, $\mathrm{HCHO}$, isThe carbonyl carbon in an aldehyde or ketone isThe carbonyl group $\mathrm{C{=}O}$ is highly POLAR, with the oxygen bearing a partial negative charge and theWhich of the following BEST distinguishes an aldehyde from a ketone in the lab?ROSENMUND REDUCTION is used to prepare an aldehyde from an acyl chloride. The reagents and key feature of the Acetone ($\mathrm{CH_3COCH_3}$) reacts with HCN to give a product. Which is the correct product?Which of these aldehydes will UNDERGO the Cannizzaro reaction (disproportionation under concentrated NaOH)?In the ALDOL CONDENSATION, two carbonyl compounds (containing $\alpha$-hydrogens) react in the presence of a bThe acidity ($K_a$) order for the carboxylic acids $\mathrm{HCOOH}$ (formic), $\mathrm{CH_3COOH}$ (acetic), anWhich compound will give a POSITIVE IODOFORM test (yellow $\mathrm{CHI_3}$ precipitate with $\mathrm{I_2}$/NaODECARBOXYLATION refers to the loss of $\mathrm{CO_2}$ from a carboxylic acid (or its salt). When sodium acetatWhich carboxylic acid has the highest $K_a$ (i.e. is the most acidic)?The reaction of formaldehyde with concentrated NaOH is calledWhen acetic acid ($\mathrm{CH_3COOH}$) is treated with $\mathrm{LiAlH_4}$ followed by aqueous workup, the orga