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NEET PG The Cardiovascular System: Blood — practice questions — page 4

Explore 138 free The Cardiovascular System: Blood questions in NEET PG Physiology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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The Cardiovascular System: Blood questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 91–120 of 138.

How long does vascular spasm typically last?Read the answer and worked solution →Which plasma glycoprotein helps stabilize the growing platelet plug?Read the answer and worked solution →Which platelet-released substance helps additional platelets adhere to the injury site?Read the answer and worked solution →The clotting factors are numbered I through XIII, yet only 12 are recognized. Which number is no longer used?Read the answer and worked solution →Calcium ion is designated factor IV. From where is it derived?Read the answer and worked solution →What normally triggers the extrinsic coagulation pathway?Read the answer and worked solution →In the extrinsic pathway, factor III and factor VII form an enzyme complex. Which factor does it activate?Read the answer and worked solution →How do the completion times of the two initial coagulation pathways compare?Read the answer and worked solution →Which factor is activated when a blood sample contacts the glass of a test tube?Read the answer and worked solution →In the intrinsic pathway, factor VIII combines with which factor to form the complex that activates factor X?Read the answer and worked solution →In the common pathway, prothrombinase converts prothrombin into which active enzyme?Read the answer and worked solution →What does thrombin do in the common pathway?Read the answer and worked solution →Which factor stabilizes the fibrin clot once it has formed?Read the answer and worked solution →Clot retraction wrings out a small amount of fluid. What is that fluid?Read the answer and worked solution →During fibrinolysis, which inactive protein is converted into the enzyme that breaks down fibrin?Read the answer and worked solution →Which vasodilator is released during fibrinolysis to reverse the effects of serotonin and prostaglandins?Read the answer and worked solution →Which anticoagulant inactivates factor X and opposes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin?Read the answer and worked solution →Tissue factor pathway inhibitor acts on which pathway, and on which conversion?Read the answer and worked solution →Which leukocyte releases heparin, a short-acting anticoagulant?Read the answer and worked solution →Hemophilia A accounts for about 80 percent of cases. Which clotting factor is deficient?Read the answer and worked solution →Which clotting factor is deficient in hemophilia B?Read the answer and worked solution →Why do hemophilia A and B appear mostly in males?Read the answer and worked solution →Hemophilia C differs from the other forms in which two ways?Read the answer and worked solution →A thrombus that totally blocks flow in a small vessel is described by which term?Read the answer and worked solution →What is a fragment of thrombus that has broken free and entered the circulation called?Read the answer and worked solution →How does aspirin act as an anticoagulant?Read the answer and worked solution →Within what time after a thrombotic stroke does a thrombolytic agent significantly improve prognosis?Read the answer and worked solution →Who discovered the major human blood groups in 1900?Read the answer and worked solution →What are the two basic consequences of transfusing incompatible blood?Read the answer and worked solution →Why can an incompatible transfusion lead to kidney failure?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

How long does vascular spasm typically last?

  1. Up to 30 seconds
  2. Up to 3 minutes
  3. Up to 10 minutes
  4. Up to 30 minutes
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Correct answer: D. Up to 30 minutes

1. Vascular spasm must hold long enough for the slower repairs to be built. 2. The extrinsic coagulation pathway completes in seconds and the intrinsic pathway in a few minutes. 3. A spasm lasting only 30 seconds would therefore expire before the clot was stabilised. 4. The spasm typically lasts up to 30 minutes, and it can last for hours. 5. That duration comfortably covers both coagulation pathways and the retraction of the clot. 6. The shorter options are all plausible on instinct but fail this timing check against the cascade. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 18 "The Cardiovascular System: Blood", section 18.5 Hemostasis_

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Which plasma glycoprotein helps stabilize the growing platelet plug?

  1. Von Willebrand factor
  2. Tissue thromboplastin
  3. Plasma antithrombin
  4. Plasma ceruloplasmin
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Correct answer: A. Von Willebrand factor

1. Platelets meeting exposed collagen at a rupture become spiked and sticky and begin to clump. 2. A plasma glycoprotein called von Willebrand factor assists that process and stabilises the growing plug. 3. Tissue thromboplastin is factor III, which starts the extrinsic coagulation pathway rather than the plug. 4. Antithrombin opposes clotting, so it works against rather than for the plug. 5. Ceruloplasmin transports copper and has no role in hemostasis at all. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 18 "The Cardiovascular System: Blood", section 18.5 Hemostasis_

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Which platelet-released substance helps additional platelets adhere to the injury site?

  1. Platelet serotonin
  2. Adenosine diphosphate
  3. Platelet prostaglandins
  4. Platelet phospholipids
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Correct answer: B. Adenosine diphosphate

1. As platelets collect they release several chemicals from their granules into the plasma. 2. Adenosine diphosphate helps additional platelets to adhere to the injury site. 3. That recruitment reinforces and expands the plug, making the process self-amplifying. 4. Serotonin has a different job, maintaining vasoconstriction. 5. Prostaglandins and phospholipids also maintain vasoconstriction and activate further clotting chemicals. 6. So three of the four are vasoactive or procoagulant, and only adenosine diphosphate recruits more platelets, which is the distinction the question turns on. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 18 "The Cardiovascular System: Blood", section 18.5 Hemostasis_

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