alleryStart learning →What are the two basic consequences of transfusing incompatible blood?
AVascular spasm and vessel constriction
BLeukocytosis and marrow suppression
CThrombosis and pulmonary embolism
DAgglutination and hemolysis of cells
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. Agglutination and hemolysis of cells
1. Infused erythrocytes carrying foreign antigens trigger an immune response.
2. Antibodies attach to those antigens, and because each Y-shaped antibody grips more than one cell they form clumps, which is agglutination.
3. The clumps are then degraded in a process called hemolysis, releasing hemoglobin into the bloodstream.
4. So the two consequences are agglutination followed by hemolysis.
5. Thrombosis and embolism involve fibrin and platelets rather than an antigen-antibody reaction against red cells, so that option names the wrong mechanism.
_Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 18 "The Cardiovascular System: Blood", section 18.6 Blood Typing_
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