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HPCSA Board Exam Psychological Disorders — practice questions

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What does psychopathology study?Red hair occurs in about 4% of people in the United States, yet it is never treated as a sign of a psychologicIn the harmful dysfunction model, what must be present in addition to a broken internal mechanism before a disDeep sadness and a wish to be left alone in the weeks after a close family member dies is usually not counted Thomas Szasz argued in 1960 that what are labelled symptoms of mental illness are better described as which ofWhich edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders was published in 2013?The first edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published in 1952, classified How does the number of disorders listed in DSM-5 compare with the number listed in DSM-IV?Comorbidity is described as the co-occurrence of two disorders. What proportion of people with obsessive-compuA study comparing the two major classification systems found which pattern of use?DSM-IV stated that the symptoms of major depressive disorder must not be attributable to normal bereavement. WFor centuries, psychological disorders were explained by a supernatural perspective. What does that perspectivWhat is the key assumption of the diathesis-stress model?Which claim about the genetic contribution to psychological disorders matches the biological perspective as itHow is fear distinguished from anxiety?What share of the United States population will meet the criteria for a specific phobia at some point in theirWhich description matches agoraphobia?A child who has never been harmed by a spider watches a cousin react with terror to one, and later shows the sPeople develop phobias of snakes and heights more readily than of motorcycles and weapons, even though the latIn social anxiety disorder, which of the following would count as a safety behaviour?According to DSM-5, which feature must be present for a diagnosis of panic disorder?Neurobiological theories of panic disorder point to which brain region as the major source of norepinephrine?A diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder requires that the worrying occurs more days than not for how long,Which statement correctly separates obsessions from compulsions?Hoarding was long treated as a symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder. How is hoarding disorder characteriseTwin studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder report concordance rates of about what for identical and fraternWhich brain region becomes especially hyperactive during symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder Posttraumatic stress disorder holds an unusual position among the entries of the manual. What makes it unusualFor how long must the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder occur before the diagnosis is made?What proportion of adults in the United States experience posttraumatic stress disorder in their lifetime, andA fourteen-year study of American Legionnaires who served in the Vietnam War found that which factor was linkeHow many symptoms must be present, and for how long, before major depressive disorder is diagnosed?The peripartum onset specifier applies to women who experience major depression during which period?Which pattern defines persistent depressive disorder, previously known as dysthymia?What must a person have experienced at least once for bipolar disorder to be diagnosed?According to DSM-5, a manic episode involves abnormally elevated, expansive or irritable mood together with inThe rapid-cycling subtype of bipolar disorder is defined by how many episodes within one year?Hopelessness theory holds that depression follows a style of thinking that attributes negative life events to Rumination, as it appears in cognitive accounts of depression, refers to which pattern?Among people who complete suicide, what proportion have a diagnosis of at least one mental disorder, and whichSchizophrenia is often confused with dissociative identity disorder. What lies behind that confusion?Which is the most common form of hallucination in schizophrenia, and roughly how many patients experience it?Which set of features are all negative symptoms of schizophrenia?What did the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia originally propose?Brain imaging in schizophrenia reveals enlarged ventricles. Why does that finding matter?Adoptees at high genetic risk for schizophrenia developed the disorder far more often when raised in a disturbWhat is the core feature shared by the dissociative disorders?A person reports feeling robotic, as though their thoughts and movements are not their own. Which experience dWhich pair of features defines dissociative identity disorder?