In the harmful dysfunction model, what must be present in addition to a broken internal mechanism before a disorder can be said to exist?

1. Wakefield defined a psychological disorder as a harmful dysfunction, and both halves of that phrase carry weight. 2. Dysfunction means an internal mechanism such as cognition, perception or learning no longer performs its normal function. 3. Dysfunction alone does not make a disorder: the breakdown must be harmful, judged by the standards of the culture. 4. Harm covers significant internal anguish or trouble in day-to-day social and working life. 5. A visible brain abnormality is not required by this model, and neither legal rules nor a count of clinicians enter it. _Source: OpenStax Psychology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 15 "Psychological Disorders", section 15.1 What Are Psychological Disorders?_