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AP Intermediate 2nd Year Wave Optics — practice questions

Explore 71 free Wave Optics questions in AP Intermediate 2nd Year Physics. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Wave Optics questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–30 of 71.

The motional EMF induced in a conductor of length $\ell$ moving with velocity $v$ perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field $B$ is:Read the answer and worked solution →Light of intensity $I_0$ passes through two polarizers whose axes make 60° with each other. The transmitted intensity is:Read the answer and worked solution →In a single-slit Fraunhofer diffraction pattern, the first minimum occurs at angle $\theta$ satisfying:Read the answer and worked solution →White light (400–700 nm) passes through a glass of refractive index 1.55. The wavelength range observed in the glass becomes approximately:Read the answer and worked solution →Two crossed polaroids transmit light of intensity:Read the answer and worked solution →The refractive index of glass is 1.5. The speed of light in glass is:Read the answer and worked solution →Two point charges q₁ and q₂ separated by distance r in vacuum experience force F. If both charges are doubled AND the distance is halved, the new force is:Read the answer and worked solution →The SI unit of electric field is:Read the answer and worked solution →A dipole of moment p is placed in a uniform external field E. The torque on the dipole is:Read the answer and worked solution →A dipole of moment 10⁻²⁹ C·m is placed in a uniform field of 10⁵ N/C at angle 30°. The torque on the dipole is:Read the answer and worked solution →For a uniformly charged thin spherical shell of radius R and total charge Q, the electric field INSIDE the shell (r < R) is:Read the answer and worked solution →Linear charge density λ has SI units:Read the answer and worked solution →The Lorentz force on a charge q moving with velocity v in fields E and B is:Read the answer and worked solution →The force on a charge q moving with speed v perpendicular to a magnetic field B has magnitude:Read the answer and worked solution →The SI unit of electric charge is the:Read the answer and worked solution →Coulomb's law: force between two point charges is proportional to:Read the answer and worked solution →The value of k in Coulomb's law (in SI) is approximately:Read the answer and worked solution →Electric field strength at a point is defined as force per unit:Read the answer and worked solution →Total electric flux through a closed surface enclosing charge q (Gauss's law) is:Read the answer and worked solution →Electric field due to an INFINITE SHEET of charge with surface charge density σ:Read the answer and worked solution →Two point charges +2μC and -3μC are separated by 30 cm. The force on each (k = 9 × 10⁹):Read the answer and worked solution →Electric field due to a point charge q at distance r:Read the answer and worked solution →Critical angle for total internal reflection from water (n = 4/3) to air:Read the answer and worked solution →In a thin film of thickness t with refractive index n, condition for destructive interference for reflected light (no phase change on reflection conditions):Read the answer and worked solution →Diffraction is the:Read the answer and worked solution →Single-slit diffraction first minimum occurs at angle θ where:Read the answer and worked solution →Brewster's angle θ_B for light hitting glass (n = 1.5) from air satisfies:Read the answer and worked solution →For maximum brightness in Newton's rings (reflected light, air film), what is the radius of n-th bright ring? (R = lens radius, λ = wavelength)Read the answer and worked solution →Two slits 0.5 mm apart with light of wavelength 5000 Å. The 5th bright fringe is at distance from central maximum on screen 1 m away:Read the answer and worked solution →In Young's experiment, if the entire setup is immersed in water (n = 4/3), the fringe width:Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

The motional EMF induced in a conductor of length $\ell$ moving with velocity $v$ perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field $B$ is:

$Bv/\ell$
$B\ell v$
$B/(\ell v)$
$B\ell/v$

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Correct answer: B. $B\ell v$

When a straight conductor of length $\ell$ moves perpendicular to $B$ with speed $v$, the rate of flux change is $B\ell v$, so $|e| = B\ell v$.

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Light of intensity $I_0$ passes through two polarizers whose axes make 60° with each other. The transmitted intensity is:

$I_0/8$
$I_0/4$
$I_0/2$
$I_0 \cos^2 60°$

Show answer and solution

Correct answer: A. $I_0/8$

**First polarizer:** $I_0 \to I_0/2$ (unpolarized). **Second polarizer (Malus):** $I_0/2 \times \cos^2 60° = I_0/2 \times 1/4 = I_0/8$.

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In a single-slit Fraunhofer diffraction pattern, the first minimum occurs at angle $\theta$ satisfying:

$a\sin\theta = \lambda/2$
$a\sin\theta = \lambda$
$a\sin\theta = 2\lambda$
$a\sin\theta = n\lambda \cdot d/D$

Show answer and solution

Correct answer: B. $a\sin\theta = \lambda$

**First minimum:** $a\sin\theta = \lambda$ (slit divided into 2 halves, paths from extremes differ by $\lambda$ — pairs cancel). Successive minima at $a\sin\theta = n\lambda$ (n = ±1, ±2, …) central maximum is twice as wide as side fringes.

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More Physics topics

Moving Charges and Magnetism Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Current Semiconductor Electronics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Electromagnetic Waves Electric Charges and Fields Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Current Electricity