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MP Board Class 12 (MPBSE) Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — practice questions

Explore 9 free Biotechnology: Principles and Processes questions in MP Board Class 12 (MPBSE) Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Biotechnology: Principles and Processes questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–9 of 9.

Restriction enzymes are best described as:Read the answer and worked solution →In recombinant DNA technology, plasmids are commonly used as:Read the answer and worked solution →The three sequential steps of one PCR cycle are:Read the answer and worked solution →Taq DNA polymerase used in PCR is obtained from:Read the answer and worked solution →In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments move toward the:Read the answer and worked solution →The standard PLANT cell transformation method uses:Read the answer and worked solution →The first MAJOR recombinant DNA pharmaceutical, released commercially in 1982, was:Read the answer and worked solution →Bt cotton is resistant to BOLLWORM pests because it carries a gene from:Read the answer and worked solution →Run one PCR cycle in orderRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Restriction enzymes are best described as:

  1. Enzymes that join DNA fragments together
  2. Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences
  3. Enzymes that replicate DNA in the cell
  4. Enzymes that unwind DNA helices
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Correct answer: B. Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences

Restriction endonucleases cut DNA at specific sequences (restriction sites, often 4-8 bp palindromes). Joining is done by DNA ligase. Replication by DNA polymerase. Unwinding by helicase.

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In recombinant DNA technology, plasmids are commonly used as:

  1. Restriction enzymes for cutting DNA
  2. Selection markers for antibiotic resistance
  3. Vectors for carrying foreign genes into hosts
  4. Primers used in PCR amplification
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Correct answer: C. Vectors for carrying foreign genes into hosts

Plasmids are small circular extra-chromosomal DNA molecules in bacteria. They are commonly used as VECTORS to carry foreign genes into host cells (typically E. coli). Plasmid pBR322 is a textbook example.

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The three sequential steps of one PCR cycle are:

  1. Mixing, heating, cooling repeatedly
  2. Cutting, joining, amplifying again
  3. Replication, transcription, translation
  4. Denaturation, annealing, extension
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Correct answer: D. Denaturation, annealing, extension

**One PCR cycle:** (1) DENATURATION at 94°C (DNA strands separate) (2) ANNEALING at 50-60°C (primers bind) (3) EXTENSION at 72°C (Taq polymerase extends). 30 cycles ≈ 10⁹ fold amplification.

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