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DOH Abu Dhabi Licensing Exam The Urinary System — practice questions — page 2

Explore 111 free The Urinary System questions in DOH Abu Dhabi Licensing Exam Physiology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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The Urinary System questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 31–60 of 111.

What do the paired Cowper's glands contribute to the urethra?Read the answer and worked solution →Adult bladder volume ranges from nearly zero up to about what figure?Read the answer and worked solution →What kind of muscle forms the contractile wall of the bladder?Read the answer and worked solution →At roughly what bladder volume is the first urge to void sensed?Read the answer and worked solution →While the bladder is filling, what does sympathetic traffic in the hypogastric nerves do?Read the answer and worked solution →What is the functional consequence of the ureter piercing the bladder wall obliquely?Read the answer and worked solution →Approximately how long is a ureter?Read the answer and worked solution →What drives urine along the ureter into the bladder?Read the answer and worked solution →Which part of the urinary system is not completely retroperitoneal?Read the answer and worked solution →About how many nephrons does each kidney contain?Read the answer and worked solution →Why does the right kidney sit slightly lower than the left?Read the answer and worked solution →What are the approximate dimensions of an adult kidney in its longest axis?Read the answer and worked solution →Which covering lies directly against the kidney surface, deep to the fat that cushions it?Read the answer and worked solution →What separates the renal pyramids from one another?Read the answer and worked solution →What are the renal papillae made of?Read the answer and worked solution →Which vessels receive blood directly from the interlobar arteries?Read the answer and worked solution →The glomerular tuft formed by the afferent arteriole measures about what across?Read the answer and worked solution →What proportion of nephrons are juxtamedullary, with long loops reaching deep into the medulla?Read the answer and worked solution →Which structures are found in the renal cortex?Read the answer and worked solution →How does the adrenal cortex sitting on top of the kidney influence renal function?Read the answer and worked solution →What are the three principal functions carried out by a nephron?Read the answer and worked solution →Which cells form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule?Read the answer and worked solution →What fraction of the plasma passing through the glomerulus is actually filtered into Bowman's capsule?Read the answer and worked solution →How wide are the pores through which filtrate crosses from capillary to capsule?Read the answer and worked solution →What role do mesangial cells play in the glomerulus?Read the answer and worked solution →Which description fits the macula densa?Read the answer and worked solution →Which paracrine signals do macula densa cells release?Read the answer and worked solution →What reaction does renin catalyse?Read the answer and worked solution →Collecting ducts merge in the medulla to form roughly how many terminal ducts emptying at a papilla?Read the answer and worked solution →How many types of aquaporin are known in humans, and how many of those appear in the kidney?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

What do the paired Cowper's glands contribute to the urethra?

  1. Mucus that buffers urethral pH
  2. Sperm delivered for ejaculation
  3. Renin released into the blood
  4. Urine stored before voiding
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Correct answer: A. Mucus that buffers urethral pH

1. Urine leaves an acidic residue in the urethra that would be hostile to sperm. 2. The bulbourethral glands secrete mucus that buffers urethral pH during sexual stimulation. 3. That mucus neutralises the usually acidic environment and lubricates the urethra, lowering resistance to ejaculation. 4. Sperm reach the urethra through the ejaculatory ducts, not from these glands. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 25 "The Urinary System", section 25.2 Gross Anatomy of Urine Transport_

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Adult bladder volume ranges from nearly zero up to about what figure?

  1. Up to about 200 mL
  2. Up to about 600 mL
  3. Up to about 1200 mL
  4. Up to about 2000 mL
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Correct answer: B. Up to about 600 mL

1. The bladder wall is highly distensible and its lining transitions from columnar to squamous as it stretches. 2. Adult volumes run from nearly empty up to about 500 to 600 mL. 3. The urge to void appears far below that, at roughly 150 mL. 4. A figure of 2000 mL is closer to a whole day of urine output than to bladder capacity. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 25 "The Urinary System", section 25.2 Gross Anatomy of Urine Transport_

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What kind of muscle forms the contractile wall of the bladder?

  1. Circular skeletal muscle bands
  2. Longitudinal striated muscle
  3. Crisscrossing smooth muscle
  4. Radial cardiac muscle fibres
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Correct answer: C. Crisscrossing smooth muscle

1. The bladder must shrink from a large distended sac to nearly nothing, so its muscle runs in all directions. 2. Irregular crisscrossing bands of smooth muscle make up the detrusor. 3. Skeletal muscle appears only at the external urethral sphincter, which is under voluntary control. 4. No cardiac muscle exists anywhere in the urinary tract. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 25 "The Urinary System", section 25.2 Gross Anatomy of Urine Transport_

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