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CSIR NET Cell Structure — practice questions — page 2

Explore 135 free Cell Structure questions in CSIR NET Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Cell Structure questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 31–60 of 135.

Pili on a prokaryotic cell are used for which purpose?Read the answer and worked solution →Bacteria that lack fimbriae would be least able to do which of the following?Read the answer and worked solution →Prokaryotes rely on which process to take in materials and to remove wastes?Read the answer and worked solution →As a spherical cell doubles its radius, how do its surface area and volume change?Read the answer and worked solution →What happens to a cell's surface area to volume ratio as the cell increases in size?Read the answer and worked solution →If a cell grows too large, which limitation arises?Read the answer and worked solution →Which two adaptations let a growing cell stay efficient?Read the answer and worked solution →Which feature distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell?Read the answer and worked solution →The word organelle translates literally as which phrase?Read the answer and worked solution →How are chromosomes organized in eukaryotes compared with prokaryotes?Read the answer and worked solution →How many chromosomes are in the body cells of humans and of fruit flies?Read the answer and worked solution →What is the basic structure of the eukaryotic plasma membrane?Read the answer and worked solution →What does the plasma membrane control?Read the answer and worked solution →Fingerlike projections called microvilli are typical of cells specialized for which task?Read the answer and worked solution →In celiac disease, the immune response to gluten damages which structure?Read the answer and worked solution →The cytoplasm occupies the region between which two structures?Read the answer and worked solution →Roughly what proportion of the cytoplasm is water?Read the answer and worked solution →Which major process is named as taking place in the cytoplasm?Read the answer and worked solution →Which two tasks does the nucleus perform?Read the answer and worked solution →Which structure is surrounded by two phospholipid bilayers?Read the answer and worked solution →What passes through the pores of the nuclear envelope?Read the answer and worked solution →Which term names the unwound protein and DNA complex present during the cell's growth phase?Read the answer and worked solution →What is assembled in the nucleolus?Read the answer and worked solution →A mutation silences the DNA sections that encode ribosomal RNA. Which activity fails first?Read the answer and worked solution →A ribosome is built from how many subunits, and of what kind?Read the answer and worked solution →Ribosomes may be attached to the cytoplasmic side of which structures?Read the answer and worked solution →Which cells would be expected to contain the greatest number of ribosomes?Read the answer and worked solution →Which molecule do mitochondria make as the cell's main energy carrier?Read the answer and worked solution →Cellular respiration in mitochondria uses which gas and releases which gas?Read the answer and worked solution →In a mitochondrion, what are the folds of the inner membrane called and what do they enclose?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Pili on a prokaryotic cell are used for which purpose?

  1. Exchange of genetic material
  2. Attachment to a host cell
  3. Locomotion of the whole cell
  4. Protection against drying out
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Correct answer: A. Exchange of genetic material

1. Some prokaryotes carry flagella, pili or fimbriae on their surface. 2. Pili are used to exchange genetic material during a type of reproduction called conjugation. 3. Fimbriae, not pili, are what bacteria use to attach to a host cell. 4. Flagella are the structures used for locomotion. 5. Pili serve the exchange of genetic material. _Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 "Cell Structure", section 4.2 Prokaryotic Cells_

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Bacteria that lack fimbriae would be least able to do which of the following?

  1. Swim through bodily fluids
  2. Synthesize their own proteins
  3. Adhere to cell surfaces
  4. Divide into daughter cells
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Correct answer: C. Adhere to cell surfaces

1. Fimbriae are surface structures used by bacteria to attach to a host cell. 2. Remove the fimbriae and the ability to adhere to a cell surface is what disappears. 3. Swimming depends on flagella, which are a separate structure, so it is unaffected. 4. Protein synthesis depends on ribosomes and division on the cell's own machinery, neither of which involves fimbriae. 5. The lost ability is adherence to cell surfaces. 6. Flagella, pili and fimbriae are three separate appendages, so losing one leaves the others working. _Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 "Cell Structure", section 4.2 Prokaryotic Cells_

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Prokaryotes rely on which process to take in materials and to remove wastes?

  1. Active pumping by organelles
  2. Diffusion across short distances
  3. Transport along microtubules
  4. Vesicle budding from the Golgi
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Correct answer: B. Diffusion across short distances

1. A prokaryote is small, from 0.1 to 5.0 micrometers across. 2. Over that short distance, ions and organic molecules entering the cell diffuse quickly to every other part. 3. Wastes produced inside can equally diffuse out again without special machinery. 4. Microtubule tracks and Golgi vesicles are eukaryotic structural adaptations, so a prokaryote cannot use them. 5. Prokaryotes depend on diffusion. _Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 "Cell Structure", section 4.2 Prokaryotic Cells_

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