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AP Intermediate 2nd Year Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — practice questions

Explore 5 free Biotechnology: Principles and Processes questions in AP Intermediate 2nd Year Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Biotechnology: Principles and Processes questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–5 of 5.

To isolate DNA from bacterial cells, the cell wall is digested by:Read the answer and worked solution →After repeated PCR cycles, the gene of interest can be amplified to approximately:Read the answer and worked solution →The first construction of a recombinant DNA molecule (1972) was achieved byRead the answer and worked solution →The role of DNA ligase in recombinant DNA technology is toRead the answer and worked solution →A restriction enzyme cutting 5'-G|AATTC-3' leaves overhangs consisting ofRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

To isolate DNA from bacterial cells, the cell wall is digested by:

  1. Lysozyme
  2. Trypsin
  3. Chitinase
  4. Cellulase
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Correct answer: A. Lysozyme

**Cell-wall digesting enzymes**: **Lysozyme** for bacteria, **cellulase** for plants, **chitinase** for fungi. After cell lysis, **proteins → protease**; **RNA → ribonuclease**. Finally, DNA precipitates with **chilled ethanol** as a spool of fine threads.

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After repeated PCR cycles, the gene of interest can be amplified to approximately:

  1. ~100 copies
  2. ~10⁶ copies
  3. ~10²⁰ copies
  4. ~10⁹ copies (1 billion) in ~30 cycles
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Correct answer: D. ~10⁹ copies (1 billion) in ~30 cycles

Each cycle doubles the target → **2ⁿ copies after n cycles**. After ~30 cycles: ~2³⁰ ≈ **10⁹ (~1 billion) copies** — enough to clone, sequence, or use directly. Your syllabus explicitly states this.

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The first construction of a recombinant DNA molecule (1972) was achieved by

  1. Watson and Crick
  2. Cohen and Boyer
  3. Mendel and Morgan
  4. Griffith and Avery
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Correct answer: B. Cohen and Boyer

1. syllabus credits the first recombinant DNA to Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer in 1972. 2. They isolated an antibiotic-resistance gene from a plasmid. 3. Linked it with a native plasmid of Salmonella typhimurium. 4. Transferred it into E. coli, where it replicated using the host's DNA polymerase. _Source: syllabus Biology, Ch 9 "Biotechnology: Principles and Processes", §9.1_

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More Biology topics

Genetics and EvolutionReproduction in Organisms & PlantsBiotechnology and ApplicationsBiology in Human Welfare & HealthEcology and EnvironmentReproductive HealthOrganisms and PopulationsBiodiversity and Conservation