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AP Intermediate 2nd Year Genetics and Evolution — practice questions

Explore 210 free Genetics and Evolution questions in AP Intermediate 2nd Year Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Genetics and Evolution questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–30 of 210.

In Mendel's monohybrid cross of tall × dwarf pea plants, the phenotypic ratio in the F₂ generation wasRead the answer and worked solution →A tall pea plant is crossed with a dwarf plant. Half the offspring are tall and half are dwarf. The genotype of the tall parent must beRead the answer and worked solution →The genotypic ratio in the F₂ of a monohybrid cross between Tt × Tt isRead the answer and worked solution →A cross between true-breeding red (RR) and true-breeding white (rr) snapdragons gives pink F₁ plants. This pattern is best described asRead the answer and worked solution →A person with blood group AB has genotypeRead the answer and worked solution →The ABO blood-group system is an example ofRead the answer and worked solution →The phenotypic ratio in the F₂ of a Mendelian dihybrid cross (with two independently assorting genes) isRead the answer and worked solution →Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment is best illustrated by the F₂ ratioRead the answer and worked solution →Morgan's discovery of linkage in Drosophila showed thatRead the answer and worked solution →If two genes on the same chromosome show a recombination frequency of 1%, they are approximatelyRead the answer and worked solution →A trait controlled by three or more genes whose effects add up, producing a continuous range of phenotypes, is calledRead the answer and worked solution →In humans, the sex of a child is determined at fertilisation byRead the answer and worked solution →In honey bees, drones (male bees) develop fromRead the answer and worked solution →Haemophilia and colour blindness are inherited asRead the answer and worked solution →In a DNA double helix, adenine pairs with thymine throughRead the answer and worked solution →The two strands of a DNA double helix areRead the answer and worked solution →A nucleosome consists ofRead the answer and worked solution →The Hershey-Chase experiment used radioactive isotopes to labelRead the answer and worked solution →The Meselson-Stahl experiment proved that DNA replication isRead the answer and worked solution →DNA polymerase synthesises a new DNA strand in which direction?Read the answer and worked solution →The central dogma of molecular biology states the flow of information asRead the answer and worked solution →During transcription, the strand of DNA actually read by RNA polymerase isRead the answer and worked solution →Introns are best described asRead the answer and worked solution →Which eukaryotic RNA polymerase synthesises the mRNA precursor (hnRNA)?Read the answer and worked solution →The total number of possible codons in the genetic code isRead the answer and worked solution →Which of the following is the universal start codon?Read the answer and worked solution →Approximately how much of the human genome codes for proteins?Read the answer and worked solution →The mechanism of evolution proposed by Darwin isRead the answer and worked solution →Mendel conducted his classic genetics experiments using:Read the answer and worked solution →In a monohybrid cross of Tt × Tt, the F2 PHENOTYPIC ratio is:Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

In Mendel's monohybrid cross of tall × dwarf pea plants, the phenotypic ratio in the F₂ generation was

  1. 1 tall : 1 dwarf
  2. all tall, no dwarf
  3. 9 tall : 7 dwarf
  4. 3 tall : 1 dwarf
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: D. 3 tall : 1 dwarf

F₁ (all Tt) self-pollinated gives F₂ with genotypes 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt. Since Tt looks just like TT, the visible (phenotype) ratio is 3 tall : 1 dwarf.

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A tall pea plant is crossed with a dwarf plant. Half the offspring are tall and half are dwarf. The genotype of the tall parent must be

  1. Tt (heterozygous)
  2. TT (homozygous dominant)
  3. tt (homozygous recessive)
  4. indeterminable from the data
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: A. Tt (heterozygous)

If the tall parent were TT, all offspring of TT × tt would be Tt (tall). A 1:1 tall:dwarf ratio in the test cross means the tall parent contributed both T and t gametes — it must be Tt.

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The genotypic ratio in the F₂ of a monohybrid cross between Tt × Tt is

  1. 3 : 1
  2. 1 : 1
  3. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
  4. 1 : 2 : 1
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: D. 1 : 2 : 1

Tt × Tt gives 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt — a 1:2:1 genotypic ratio. The 3:1 figure is the **phenotype** ratio because TT and Tt both look tall.

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