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Wave equation in vacuum (Maxwell):

Ac = 1/√(μ₀ε₀) ≈ 3 × 10⁸ m/s
Bc = μ₀ε₀
Cc = 1/√(ε₀μ₀)
DRandom
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. c = 1/√(μ₀ε₀) ≈ 3 × 10⁸ m/s
Maxwell predicted EM waves traveling at c = 1/√(μ₀ε₀) ≈ 3 × 10⁸ m/s — matched speed of light, unifying optics and EM (1860s). In medium: v = 1/√(με). Refractive index n = c/v = √(ε_r μ_r).
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