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Characteristic impedance of a lossless transmission line:
AR+L
BL/C
C√(R×C)
DZ_0 = √(L/C) where L, C are per unit length
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. Z_0 = √(L/C) where L, C are per unit length
Lossless line: Z_0 = √(L/C). For coax: ~50-75 Ω. Twisted pair: ~100 Ω. Free space: ~377 Ω. Mismatch → reflection. Matched termination (R_L = Z_0) → no reflection (max power transfer).
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