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For thin spherical shell of water (radius R, thickness t), volume of water:
Aπ R²
BV = 0
C(4/3)π R³
D≈ 4π R² t (for t << R, approximate via differential)
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. ≈ 4π R² t (for t << R, approximate via differential)
dV/dR = 4πR² (surface area). Thin shell V ≈ 4πR² × t for t << R. Useful in fluid dynamics, atomic structure (shell-by-shell electron density).
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