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OJEE Inheritance and Variation — practice questions

Explore 23 free Inheritance and Variation questions in OJEE Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Inheritance and Variation questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–23 of 23.

Gregor Mendel performed his classic experiments on inheritance using:Read the answer and worked solution →How many pairs of contrasting characters in pea plant did Mendel study?Read the answer and worked solution →The F₂ **phenotypic** ratio of a Mendelian monohybrid cross is:Read the answer and worked solution →The F₂ **genotypic** ratio of a Mendelian monohybrid cross is:Read the answer and worked solution →The F₂ **phenotypic** ratio of a Mendelian dihybrid cross is:Read the answer and worked solution →Mendel's **Law of Segregation** is also called:Read the answer and worked solution →An **allele** is best defined as:Read the answer and worked solution →An individual with the genotype **Tt** is described as:Read the answer and worked solution →A **test cross** is the cross of an F₁ hybrid (or unknown dominant) with:Read the answer and worked solution →Sickle-cell anaemia is an example of which type of inheritance?Read the answer and worked solution →In garden pea, the dominant trait for **seed shape** and **seed colour** respectively are:Read the answer and worked solution →In **incomplete dominance** (e.g. flower colour in *Mirabilis jalapa*), the F₂ phenotypic ratio from a cross of red × white is:Read the answer and worked solution →In **co-dominance** (e.g. coat colour in cattle), the F₁ of a red × white cross is:Read the answer and worked solution →**Pleiotropy** is best described as:Read the answer and worked solution →**Multiple alleles** in a population means:Read the answer and worked solution →The **Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance** (1903) was proposed by:Read the answer and worked solution →The number of **linkage groups** in a species equals:Read the answer and worked solution →**Crossing over** between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes occurs during which phase of meiosis?Read the answer and worked solution →In humans, **sex chromosomes** are:Read the answer and worked solution →In a dihybrid cross TtRr × TtRr in pea, the **probability** of producing a homozygous recessive (ttrr) offspring is:Read the answer and worked solution →*Drosophila melanogaster* has 4 pairs of chromosomes. Hence the number of linkage groups in Drosophila is:Read the answer and worked solution →Spot the trait Mendel never usedRead the answer and worked solution →Match each observation to its patternRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Gregor Mendel performed his classic experiments on inheritance using:

  1. Drosophila melanogaster
  2. Garden pea (*Pisum sativum*)
  3. Mirabilis jalapa
  4. Zea mays
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Correct answer: B. Garden pea (*Pisum sativum*)

Mendel selected the garden pea because it had distinct, contrasting characters, was self-pollinating, easy to cross-pollinate manually, and short-generation. He studied **seven** pairs of contrasting traits.

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How many pairs of contrasting characters in pea plant did Mendel study?

  1. 3
  2. 5
  3. 7
  4. 9
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Correct answer: C. 7

Seven pairs — including seed shape (round/wrinkled), seed colour (yellow/green), pod shape, pod colour, flower colour, flower position and plant height.

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The F₂ **phenotypic** ratio of a Mendelian monohybrid cross is:

  1. 1 : 1
  2. 3 : 1
  3. 1 : 2 : 1
  4. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: B. 3 : 1

Tt × Tt → 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt (genotypic). Since T is dominant, phenotypes are 3 Tall : 1 Dwarf — the classic 3:1 monohybrid ratio.

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More Biology topics

Molecular Basis of InheritanceSexual Reproduction in Flowering PlantsHuman ReproductionCell Cycle and Cell DivisionPrinciples of Inheritance and VariationPrinciples Of InheritanceReproductive HealthHuman Health and Disease