Indian Navy 10+2 B.Tech Cadet Thermodynamics & Kinetic Theory — practice questions

Explore 4 free Thermodynamics & Kinetic Theory questions in Indian Navy 10+2 B.Tech Cadet Chemistry. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Thermodynamics & Kinetic Theory questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–4 of 4.

At constant temperature and pressure, the criterion for a process to be **spontaneous** is:Read the answer and worked solution →The relationship between $\Delta G^\circ$ and the equilibrium constant $K$ for a chemical reaction is:Read the answer and worked solution →System or surroundings?Read the answer and worked solution →Which one does NOT belong?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

At constant temperature and pressure, the criterion for a process to be spontaneous is:

$\Delta G < 0$
$\Delta G > 0$
$\Delta S_\text{system} > 0$ only
$\Delta H < 0$ only

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Correct answer: A. $\Delta G < 0$

At constant $T$ and $p$, $\Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S$. The second law combined with the first gives that a spontaneous process must have $\Delta G < 0$. $\Delta G = 0$ corresponds to equilibrium and $\Delta G > 0$ is non-spontaneous (the reverse reaction is spontaneous instead).

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The relationship between $\Delta G^\circ$ and the equilibrium constant $K$ for a chemical reaction is:

$\Delta G^\circ = -R T K$
$\Delta G^\circ = R T / \ln K$
$\Delta G^\circ = -R T \ln K$
$\Delta G^\circ = R T \ln K$

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Correct answer: C. $\Delta G^\circ = -R T \ln K$

At equilibrium $\Delta G = 0 = \Delta G^\circ + R T \ln Q$ with $Q = K$, so $\Delta G^\circ = -R T \ln K$. A negative $\Delta G^\circ$ corresponds to $K > 1$ (product-favoured equilibrium) a positive $\Delta G^\circ$ to $K < 1$ (reactant-favoured) $\Delta G^\circ = 0$ to $K = 1$.

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System or surroundings?

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Items

Item
The part studied
Category
System
Item
Inside boundary
Category
System
Item
Reacting mixture
Category
System
Item
Everything outside
Category
Surroundings
Item
Beyond boundary
Category
Surroundings
Item
The water bath
Category
Surroundings

Categories

Item
System
Item
Surroundings

Instructions

Tap a description, then tap what it refers to.

_Source: syllabus Chemistry Unit5 Thermodynamics, 5.1.1 The System and the Surroundings_

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