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CTET Unit 3A1: Prenatal, Infancy and Childhood Development — practice questions — page 2

Explore 46 free Unit 3A1: Prenatal, Infancy and Childhood Development questions in CTET Psychology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Unit 3A1: Prenatal, Infancy and Childhood Development questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 31–46 of 46.

What does research show about formal operations?Read the answer and worked solution →Piaget's term for uneven progress, where a child solves one task of a stage but not a similar one:Read the answer and worked solution →Baillargeon's studies of 3-month-olds challenged Piaget by showing:Read the answer and worked solution →A common criticism of Piaget's theory is that it:Read the answer and worked solution →Hughes's 'policeman doll' task suggested children can take another's view as early as:Read the answer and worked solution →Piaget studied how children think mainly by using:Read the answer and worked solution →Which classroom approach most directly applies Piaget's ideas?Read the answer and worked solution →Piaget held that a child's language depends mainly on:Read the answer and worked solution →In Piaget's heteronomous stage of morality, children see rules as:Read the answer and worked solution →Children agree to change a game's rules so everyone gets a turn. Which Piaget stage of morality?Read the answer and worked solution →Piaget saw which relationships as the key source of moral ideas such as equality and reciprocity?Read the answer and worked solution →Vygotsky held that a child's mental abilities are shaped mainly by:Read the answer and worked solution →Vygotsky's term for the gap that help can bridge:Read the answer and worked solution →In Vygotsky's zone of proximal development, the lower limit is set by what the child can do:Read the answer and worked solution →In Vygotsky's theory, someone with more skill who guides a learner is called the:Read the answer and worked solution →A 7-year-old teaches her 9-year-old cousin a game she knows well. For Vygotsky, she is:Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

What does research show about formal operations?

  1. Everyone reaches them by age 12
  2. Many adults never use them fully
  3. They appear before conservation
  4. They need no experience at all
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Correct answer: B. Many adults never use them fully

1. Piaget placed formal operations from about age 11 onwards. 2. This stage is mainly about the scientific kind of reasoning: forming and testing hypotheses. 3. Many people rarely meet such problems in daily life. 4. Research finds many people never achieve or use formal thinking fully or consistently. 5. Others use it only in areas they know very well. 6. This is a key critical point: the last stage is not universal. **Why the other options fail:** - Everyone reaching them by 12 overstates Piaget. - Conservation is a concrete operational skill that comes earlier. - Cross-cultural work shows experience and schooling matter. _Source: Seifert and Sutton, Educational Psychology, 2nd ed. (2009, CC BY 3.0), Ch 3, section "The formal operational stage: age 11 and beyond", p. 50_

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Piaget's term for uneven progress, where a child solves one task of a stage but not a similar one:

  1. Equilibration
  2. Centration
  3. Décalage
  4. Accommodation
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Correct answer: C. Décalage

1. Piaget's stage model predicts that a child at one stage should solve all tasks of that stage. 2. In practice, a child may conserve number years before volume. 3. Piaget himself named this unevenness **décalage** (horizontal when it is within one stage). 4. Critics use décalage to argue the stage model is at best a useful approximation. 5. It also supports the wider criticism that development is not domain general but differs across areas of knowledge. 6. So the term for uneven progress is décalage. **Why the other options fail:** - Equilibration is the balancing drive, centration is a preoperational limit and accommodation is changing a schema; none names uneven progress. _Source: Wikipedia, "Piaget's theory of cognitive development", section "Challenges to Piagetian stage theory" (revision 1379038101)_

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Baillargeon's studies of 3-month-olds challenged Piaget by showing:

  1. Learning only by reflex
  2. Early object knowledge
  3. A fixed order of stages
  4. Language before thought
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Correct answer: B. Early object knowledge

1. Renee Baillargeon showed 3-month-olds a board that seemed to pass through a hidden ball. 2. The infants were surprised, as if they expected the ball to still exist and block the board. 3. Piaget had placed such object understanding much later in infancy. 4. The finding suggests infants have early object knowledge, some core knowledge earlier than Piaget proposed. **Why not the others:** The finding is about early object knowledge; it says nothing about language coming first. _Source: Wikipedia, "Piaget's theory of cognitive development", section "Challenges to Piagetian stage theory" (revision 1379038101)_

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More Psychology topics

Unit 2B: Cognitive Psychology: Thinking & Problem SolvingUnit 3A3: Adolescent and Adult Lifespan DevelopmentUnit 3A2: Cognitive Development Theories (Piaget & Vygotsky)Unit 2C2: Language Acquisition and Linguistic RelativityUnit 3C4: Inclusive Classrooms and Learning DisabilitiesUnit 3C1: Learning Theory and Conceptual UnderstandingUnit 3C2: Educational Assessment and Bloom's TaxonomyUnit 3C3: Exceptional Learners and Gifted Education