Leon Festinger in 1957 defined the discomfort of holding inconsistent beliefs and behaviours as:
- Normative influence
- Cognitive dissonance
- Social loafing
- Group polarization
Show answer and solution
Correct answer: B. Cognitive dissonance
1. A smoker who believes smoking harms health feels it.
2. This is cognitive dissonance.
3. People change behaviour or belief to reduce it.
_Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e, Chapter 12, Social Psychology (CC BY 4.0)._