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AP Biology Unit 6A: DNA and RNA Structure & Replication — practice questions — page 2

Explore 56 free Unit 6A: DNA and RNA Structure & Replication questions in AP Biology Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Unit 6A: DNA and RNA Structure & Replication questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 31–56 of 56.

A group of plants raised from a single parent plant through vegetative or asexual reproduction is called a:Read the answer and worked solution →An organism whose somatic cells contain more than two complete sets of chromosomes is said to be:Read the answer and worked solution →Which chemical is commonly used to double the chromosome number and induce polyploidy in plants?Read the answer and worked solution →Triticale, the first man-made cereal, is obtained by crossing wheat with which other cereal?Read the answer and worked solution →A sudden heritable change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA in an organism is termed:Read the answer and worked solution →Atomita-2, a rice variety able to tolerate saline soils, was produced by which breeding method?Read the answer and worked solution →The mating of closely related animals within the same breed for about four to six generations is called:Read the answer and worked solution →Continued inbreeding in animals reduces fertility and productivity. This decline is known as:Read the answer and worked solution →The superiority of a hybrid over both its parents, obtained through cross breeding, is called:Read the answer and worked solution →A mule, produced by cross breeding, is superior to a horse in strength and disease resistance but has which limitation?Read the answer and worked solution →Genetic engineering, in which genes are transferred between organisms to create new DNA, is also known as:Read the answer and worked solution →Restriction enzymes, often called 'molecular scissors', act on DNA by:Read the answer and worked solution →Recombinant DNA (rDNA) is best defined as:Read the answer and worked solution →Gene therapy that targets and corrects a defective gene in non-reproductive body cells is called:Read the answer and worked solution →Embryonic stem cells, which can develop into any cell type of the body, are derived from which part of the blastocyst?Read the answer and worked solution →DNA fingerprinting, a quick method to distinguish individuals, was developed by:Read the answer and worked solution →In DNA the nitrogen bases are arranged on which side of the sugar-phosphate backbone?Read the answer and worked solution →Semiconservative DNA replication was experimentally demonstrated byRead the answer and worked solution →During DNA replication, the enzyme that unwinds the double helix isRead the answer and worked solution →Okazaki fragments are formed on theRead the answer and worked solution →The genetic code is described as degenerate becauseRead the answer and worked solution →Transcription differs from replication in that itRead the answer and worked solution →In humans, the percentage of A in a DNA sample is 30 %. By Chargaff's rule, the percentage of G isRead the answer and worked solution →In prokaryotes, the small ribosomal subunit recognises the mRNA initiation site via theRead the answer and worked solution →The 'one gene - one polypeptide' concept was proposed byRead the answer and worked solution →In eukaryotes, primary mRNA transcript becomes mature mRNA afterRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

A group of plants raised from a single parent plant through vegetative or asexual reproduction is called a:

  1. Pureline
  2. Clone
  3. Hybrid
  4. Mutant
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Correct answer: B. Clone

1. Plants produced asexually from one parent are genetically identical to it. 2. Such a group is defined in the text as a clone, and selecting from them is clonal selection. 3. A pureline arises by self-breeding of a single individual, a hybrid from crossing, and a mutant from a DNA change, so A, C and D are wrong. 4. Hence the answer is B. _Source: Samacheer Kalvi (TN SCERT) Class 10 Science, Unit "Breeding and Biotechnology", p.296_

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An organism whose somatic cells contain more than two complete sets of chromosomes is said to be:

  1. Polyploid
  2. Diploid
  3. Haploid
  4. A mutant
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Correct answer: A. Polyploid

1. Diploid (2n) cells have two chromosome sets and haploid (n) gametes have one. 2. Having more than two sets is termed polyploid, and the condition polyploidy. 3. A mutant simply carries an altered DNA sequence, which is a different concept, so option D is a trap. 4. Hence the answer is A. _Source: Samacheer Kalvi (TN SCERT) Class 10 Science, Unit "Breeding and Biotechnology", p.296_

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Which chemical is commonly used to double the chromosome number and induce polyploidy in plants?

  1. Nitrous acid
  2. Mustard gas
  3. Caffeine
  4. Colchicine
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Correct answer: D. Colchicine

1. Polyploidy can be induced by physical agents such as X-rays and chemical agents. 2. The chemical specified for doubling chromosomes is colchicine, used to make sterile hybrids like Triticale fertile. 3. Nitrous acid and mustard gas are listed as chemical mutagens, not chromosome-doublers, so options A and B are traps. 4. Hence the answer is D. _Source: Samacheer Kalvi (TN SCERT) Class 10 Science, Unit "Breeding and Biotechnology", p.296_

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