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AP Biology Unit 2G: Osmoregulation & Membrane Dynamics — practice questions

Explore 86 free Unit 2G: Osmoregulation & Membrane Dynamics questions in AP Biology Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Unit 2G: Osmoregulation & Membrane Dynamics questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–30 of 86.

The form of soil water that is **available** to plants for absorption is:Read the answer and worked solution →**Water potential ($\psi$)** of pure water is:Read the answer and worked solution →**Transpiration** is the loss of water from the plant in the form of:Read the answer and worked solution →**Guttation** is:Read the answer and worked solution →**Stomatal transpiration** accounts for what fraction of total transpiration?Read the answer and worked solution →The translocation of water and minerals **upward** from roots to leaves is called:Read the answer and worked solution →**Macronutrients** (required in large quantities) for plants include:Read the answer and worked solution →**Diffusion Pressure Deficit (DPD)** of a fully turgid plant cell is:Read the answer and worked solution →**Root pressure** can account for ascent of sap up to approximately:Read the answer and worked solution →In a plant cell at flaccid state (TP = 0), the relationship between OP and DPD is:Read the answer and worked solution →When a plant cell is placed in **isotonic** solution:Read the answer and worked solution →The **major channel** for translocation of food (sucrose) in plants is:Read the answer and worked solution →**Aquaporins** are:Read the answer and worked solution →If a plant cell has OP = 12 atm and TP = 4 atm, its **DPD** is:Read the answer and worked solution →Loss of water as **vapour** (transpiration) is highest in which type of tissue/structure on a typical dicot leaf?Read the answer and worked solution →Which mineral is needed for **chlorophyll synthesis**?Read the answer and worked solution →Which element is a constituent of **nitrogenase enzyme** (catalyses biological N₂ fixation)?Read the answer and worked solution →A rigid cell wall is a characteristic feature of:Read the answer and worked solution →The organelle known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' is the:Read the answer and worked solution →Prokaryotic cells characteristically lack:Read the answer and worked solution →The semi-fluid matrix that occupies the volume of the cell and hosts most chemical reactions is the:Read the answer and worked solution →Within the nucleus, the genetic material DNA is organised into:Read the answer and worked solution →The principal site of protein synthesis in the cell is the:Read the answer and worked solution →According to cell theory, all cells arise:Read the answer and worked solution →In a plant cell, ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm and also within the:Read the answer and worked solution →Which of the following organisms is NOT a prokaryote?Read the answer and worked solution →The four basic shapes of bacteria areRead the answer and worked solution →Ribosomes in eukaryotic cytoplasm are of which type?Read the answer and worked solution →Plastids that store starch in tubers like potato are calledRead the answer and worked solution →At which level of organisation do tissues become further organised to form organs?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

The form of soil water that is **available** to plants for absorption is:

  1. Gravitational water
  2. Hygroscopic water
  3. Capillary water
  4. Combined water
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Correct answer: C. Capillary water

Capillary water (held between soil particles by capillarity) is the form plants can absorb. Gravitational (percolates away), hygroscopic (tightly adsorbed on particles) and combined water (in mineral hydrates) are not available.

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**Water potential ($\psi$)** of pure water is:

  1. Zero (and adding solutes makes it negative)
  2. Always positive
  3. Equal to 1 atm
  4. Cannot be determined
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Correct answer: A. Zero (and adding solutes makes it negative)

Water potential of pure water at STP = 0 by convention. Solutes lower it (more negative). Pressure (turgor) raises it. Water flows from high (less negative) to low (more negative) water potential.

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**Transpiration** is the loss of water from the plant in the form of:

  1. Liquid (through hydathodes)
  2. Vapour, mainly through stomata, cuticle and lenticels
  3. Both A and B equally
  4. Only through roots
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Correct answer: B. Vapour, mainly through stomata, cuticle and lenticels

Transpiration = evaporative water loss (vapour). 90–93% via stomata; 8–10% via cuticle; 0.1–1% via lenticels. Loss as liquid through hydathodes is called guttation (a separate process).

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