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AP Biology Unit 8R: Environmental Pollution & Organismal Health — practice questions

Explore 84 free Unit 8R: Environmental Pollution & Organismal Health questions in AP Biology Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Unit 8R: Environmental Pollution & Organismal Health questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–30 of 84.

Phagocytic cells of the immune system includeRead the answer and worked solution →Blood group AB individuals haveRead the answer and worked solution →Erythroblastosis foetalis occurs whenRead the answer and worked solution →Fibrin clot is formed in blood coagulation fromRead the answer and worked solution →A 3-chambered heart is characteristic ofRead the answer and worked solution →Cardiac output is BEST defined asRead the answer and worked solution →The P-wave of an ECG representsRead the answer and worked solution →Lymph differs from blood in that lymphRead the answer and worked solution →In the cardiac cycle, ventricular pressure rises sharply duringRead the answer and worked solution →Adrenal medullary hormones canRead the answer and worked solution →The bicuspid (mitral) valve is located betweenRead the answer and worked solution →The myogenic nature of the heart means thatRead the answer and worked solution →During joint diastole of the cardiac cycle, blood flows fromRead the answer and worked solution →Coronary Artery Disease (atherosclerosis) is caused byRead the answer and worked solution →In a fish, the heart pumpsRead the answer and worked solution →Sympathetic stimulation of the heartRead the answer and worked solution →The thickest layer of the wall of an artery is theRead the answer and worked solution →Heart failure is BEST distinguished from cardiac arrest in thatRead the answer and worked solution →The MOST toxic nitrogenous waste excreted by animals isRead the answer and worked solution →Ammonotelic animals includeRead the answer and worked solution →Mammals are classified as which type of nitrogen excreters?Read the answer and worked solution →The excretory unit of the human kidney isRead the answer and worked solution →The Malpighian body of the nephron consists ofRead the answer and worked solution →Glomerular filtration is BEST described asRead the answer and worked solution →The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a healthy adult is approximatelyRead the answer and worked solution →Reabsorption of nearly all essential nutrients takes place mainly in theRead the answer and worked solution →Malpighian tubules are the excretory structures ofRead the answer and worked solution →The act of releasing urine from the urinary bladder is calledRead the answer and worked solution →Uricotelic animals includeRead the answer and worked solution →The kidney lies between which vertebral landmarks?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Phagocytic cells of the immune system include

  1. B-lymphocytes and T-cells mainly
  2. Platelets and erythrocytes mainly
  3. Neutrophils and monocytes mainly
  4. Eosinophils and basophils mainly
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: C. Neutrophils and monocytes mainly

Neutrophils and monocytes (which mature into macrophages in tissues) are the principal phagocytes. They engulf and destroy invading microorganisms. Eosinophils target parasites basophils mediate inflammation lymphocytes mount adaptive immunity.

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Blood group AB individuals have

  1. Only the B antigen and anti-A antibodies
  2. A and B antigens but no antibodies
  3. Neither A nor B antigens but both antibodies
  4. Only the A antigen and anti-B antibodies
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: B. A and B antigens but no antibodies

AB RBCs carry both A and B antigens, so plasma contains neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies (else self-agglutination would occur). This makes AB persons universal recipients.

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Erythroblastosis foetalis occurs when

  1. Both parents have identical Rh-negative status
  2. Both parents have identical Rh-positive status
  3. A Rh-positive mother carries a Rh-negative foetus
  4. A Rh-negative mother carries a Rh-positive foetus
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: D. A Rh-negative mother carries a Rh-positive foetus

Anti-Rh antibodies in a previously sensitised Rh-negative mother cross the placenta during a subsequent Rh-positive pregnancy and destroy foetal RBCs. Anti-D immunoglobulin given to the mother after first delivery prevents future sensitisation.

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More Biology topics

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