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Bulk modulus B for fluid relates pressure change to:
ALength change
BVolume strain: B = -ΔP / (ΔV/V)
CNo relation
DArea
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. Volume strain: B = -ΔP / (ΔV/V)
B = -V dP/dV (compressibility = 1/B). High B = hard to compress. Water B ≈ 2.2 GPa; steel ≈ 160 GPa. Negative sign: V decreases as P increases.
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