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How is most of the detailed bargaining over a labor agreement carried out?
AThrough a secret ballot held among all the employees
BThrough a ruling handed down by a single arbitrator
CThrough an order issued by the union federation
DThrough face-to-face meetings and written proposals
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. Through face-to-face meetings and written proposals
1. Each side fields a small negotiating team with one chief spokesperson.
2. Much of the detailed bargaining happens in face-to-face meetings and in the exchange of written proposals.
3. Demands, proposals, and counterproposals move back and forth over several rounds.
4. A secret ballot is used to ratify the result rather than to conduct the bargaining, so option A confuses the two.
_Source: OpenStax Introduction to Business (CC BY 4.0), Ch 8 "Managing Human Resources and Labor Relations", section Negotiating Union Contracts through Collective Bargaining_
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