In the Stage Model, how is information primarily encoded in short-term memory and in long-term memory respectively?
AAcoustically in STM and semantically in LTM
BSemantically in STM and acoustically in LTM
CVisually in STM and tactually in LTM
DTactually in STM and visually in LTM
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. Acoustically in STM and semantically in LTM
1. Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed that information in STM is primarily encoded acoustically, in terms of sound.
2. They proposed that information in LTM is encoded semantically, in terms of meaning.
3. Distractor 2 swaps the two encoding modes for STM and LTM.
4. Later evidence does show some flexibility, but the original STM/LTM contrast remains acoustic versus semantic.
5. Hence the answer is acoustic in STM and semantic in LTM.
_Source: NCERT Class 11 Psychology Ch 6 "Human Memory", pp. 98-99, Short-term Memory and Levels of Processing_
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