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Which of the following coordination compounds shows OPTICAL ISOMERISM?
A$[\mathrm{Pt(NH_3)_2\,Cl_2}]$ (square planar)
B$[\mathrm{Co(NH_3)_6}]^{3+}$ (octahedral)
Ccis-$[\mathrm{Co(en)_2\,Cl_2}]^+$ (octahedral)
D$[\mathrm{Ni(CO)_4}]$ (tetrahedral)
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. cis-$[\mathrm{Co(en)_2\,Cl_2}]^+$ (octahedral)
1. NCERT §5.5.3 (Optical isomerism): a complex shows optical isomerism if it is NON-SUPERIMPOSABLE on its mirror image (chiral).
2. cis-$[\mathrm{Co(en)_2\,Cl_2}]^+$: octahedral, with two bidentate 'en' ligands and two cis-Cl. The geometry is chiral — its mirror image cannot be superimposed by any rotation. So it has $\Delta$ and $\Lambda$ enantiomers.
3. Note that the TRANS isomer of $[\mathrm{Co(en)_2\,Cl_2}]^+$ is achiral (has a plane of symmetry) — so optical isomerism is shown by the CIS isomer only.
4. Option A is square planar with monodentate ligands — has cis/trans isomerism but neither is chiral.
5. Option B has identical ligands all six — symmetric.
6. Option D is tetrahedral with 4 identical CO ligands — symmetric, achiral.
_Source: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Part 1, Ch 5, §5.5.3 (Optical Isomerism in octahedral complexes), p. 8–9._
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