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NEET UG Ray Optics and Optical Instruments — practice questions

Explore 170 free Ray Optics and Optical Instruments questions in NEET UG Physics. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Ray Optics and Optical Instruments questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–30 of 170.

The relation between focal length f and radius of curvature R for a spherical mirror is:Read the answer and worked solution →The mirror equation (relating object distance u, image distance v, focal length f) is:Read the answer and worked solution →The linear magnification produced by a spherical mirror is given by:Read the answer and worked solution →A convex (diverging) mirror always forms an image that is:Read the answer and worked solution →If n₂₁ is the refractive index of medium 2 w.r.t. medium 1, then n₁₂ equals:Read the answer and worked solution →When light passes through a rectangular glass slab, the emergent ray is:Read the answer and worked solution →For light going from a medium of refractive index n to air, the critical angle i_c is given by:Read the answer and worked solution →The critical angle for diamond (n ≈ 2.42) and water (n ≈ 1.33) is approximately:Read the answer and worked solution →The lens-maker's formula for a thin lens (refractive index n) with radii of curvature R₁ and R₂ is:Read the answer and worked solution →The magnification produced by a thin lens is:Read the answer and worked solution →The power P of a lens with focal length f (in metres) is:Read the answer and worked solution →Which colour of light deviates LEAST when white light passes through a glass prism?Read the answer and worked solution →The speed of light in vacuum is approximately:Read the answer and worked solution →For a concave lens (diverging lens), the image of a real object is always:Read the answer and worked solution →Snell's law of refraction at the boundary between two media of refractive indices $n_1$ and $n_2$ statesRead the answer and worked solution →The relationship between the focal length $f$ and the radius of curvature $R$ for a SPHERICAL MIRROR isRead the answer and worked solution →The POWER of a lens (in diopters, D) is defined asRead the answer and worked solution →Two thin lenses of powers $+5\,\text{D}$ and $-3\,\text{D}$ are placed in CONTACT. The total power of the combination isRead the answer and worked solution →A converging lens of focal length $20\,\text{cm}$ produces a real image at $30\,\text{cm}$ from the lens. The object distance is closest toRead the answer and worked solution →When light travels from one medium to another, which property of the wave REMAINS UNCHANGED?Read the answer and worked solution →An object is placed at the FOCUS of a concave mirror ($u = f$, both negative). The image forms atRead the answer and worked solution →The phenomenon by which the apparent position of a star near the horizon appears slightly higher than its actual position is calledRead the answer and worked solution →The mirror equation relates u, v and f asRead the answer and worked solution →The power P of a lens of focal length f (in metres) is given byRead the answer and worked solution →An object is placed 30 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm. The image distance isRead the answer and worked solution →Refractive index of water with respect to air is 4/3. The critical angle for a water–air interface is approximatelyRead the answer and worked solution →A convex lens of focal length 20 cm is placed in contact with a concave lens of focal length 25 cm. The power of the combination (in dioptres) isRead the answer and worked solution →Light passes from air (n=1) into glass (n=1.5) at an incidence angle of 60°. Using Snell's law, the angle of refraction isRead the answer and worked solution →For a thin prism of small refracting angle A and refractive index n, the deviation δ is approximatelyRead the answer and worked solution →An astronomical telescope in normal adjustment has an objective of focal length 100 cm and an eyepiece of focal length 5 cm. Its angular magnification isRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

The relation between focal length f and radius of curvature R for a spherical mirror is:

  1. f = R
  2. f = 2R
  3. f = R/2 (paraxial approximation)
  4. f = R/4
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Correct answer: C. f = R/2 (paraxial approximation)

For a spherical mirror under the paraxial approximation, **f = R/2**. Concave (converging) has positive R/2 in magnitude sign depends on convention (f negative in Cartesian convention for a concave mirror with its centre of curvature on the object side).

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The mirror equation (relating object distance u, image distance v, focal length f) is:

  1. 1/u + 1/v = 1/f
  2. 1/v − 1/u = 1/f
  3. v/u = f
  4. u + v = f
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: A. 1/u + 1/v = 1/f

**Mirror equation: 1/v + 1/u = 1/f** (Cartesian sign convention). All three quantities take signs per the convention. Magnification m = −v/u.

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The linear magnification produced by a spherical mirror is given by:

  1. m = u/v
  2. m = −v/u (with sign convention)
  3. m = v × u
  4. m = f/u
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Correct answer: B. m = −v/u (with sign convention)

**Magnification m = h'/h = −v/u**. **Sign of m tells about image orientation:** **negative m → inverted image (real) positive m → erect image (virtual)**.

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