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NEET UG Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — practice questions — page 3

Explore 84 free Biotechnology: Principles and Processes questions in NEET UG Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Biotechnology: Principles and Processes questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 61–84 of 84.

What is the order of steps in one PCR cycle?Read the answer and worked solution →Why must the DNA polymerase in PCR be thermostable?Read the answer and worked solution →Repeated PCR cycles can amplify a DNA segment to roughly what number of copies?Read the answer and worked solution →After transformation with an ampicillin-resistance plasmid, which cells grow on ampicillin agar?Read the answer and worked solution →A protein made when its gene is expressed in a heterologous host is called what?Read the answer and worked solution →Continuous culture keeps cells in which growth phase?Read the answer and worked solution →Bioreactors were developed to process culture volumes of about what size?Read the answer and worked solution →Which type of bioreactor is the most commonly used?Read the answer and worked solution →In a sparged stirred-tank bioreactor, what is bubbled through the culture?Read the answer and worked solution →Separation and purification of a product after biosynthesis are together called what?Read the answer and worked solution →What natural role do restriction enzymes play inside bacteria?Read the answer and worked solution →How does a bacterium protect its own DNA from its restriction enzymes?Read the answer and worked solution →HindII, the first type II restriction enzyme, was isolated from which bacterium?Read the answer and worked solution →Enzymes that recognise the same site but cut at a different position are called what?Read the answer and worked solution →Which restriction enzyme cuts DNA to give blunt ends rather than sticky ends?Read the answer and worked solution →On average, a random 6-base recognition site occurs once in about how many base pairs?Read the answer and worked solution →Typical type II restriction enzymes usually need which cofactor alone?Read the answer and worked solution →Which type of restriction enzyme cuts DNA at sites remote from its recognition site?Read the answer and worked solution →A short plasmid stretch rich in restriction recognition sites is called what?Read the answer and worked solution →Variation among individuals in restriction fragment lengths of genomic DNA is called what?Read the answer and worked solution →Which gel has very high resolving power for small DNA fragments of 5 to 500 bp?Read the answer and worked solution →Unlike vertical polyacrylamide gels, how are agarose gels typically run?Read the answer and worked solution →Proteins in a gel are commonly stained with which dye?Read the answer and worked solution →Why is a buffer used during gel electrophoresis?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

What is the order of steps in one PCR cycle?

  1. Annealing, denaturation, extension
  2. Extension, annealing, denaturation
  3. Denaturation, annealing, extension
  4. Denaturation, extension, annealing
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Correct answer: C. Denaturation, annealing, extension

Strands are first separated by heat, then primers anneal, and finally polymerase extends the primers.

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Why must the DNA polymerase in PCR be thermostable?

  1. It must survive the denaturation heat
  2. It must cut DNA at high temperature
  3. It must join primers to the vector
  4. It must break open the cell wall
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Correct answer: A. It must survive the denaturation heat

Each cycle heats DNA to separate the strands, and only a heat-stable polymerase stays active across cycles.

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Repeated PCR cycles can amplify a DNA segment to roughly what number of copies?

  1. About a thousand copies
  2. About a billion copies
  3. About a million copies
  4. About a hundred copies
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: B. About a billion copies

Repeating replication many times can amplify the segment about a billion times.

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