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CSIR NET Cell Structure — practice questions — page 5

Explore 135 free Cell Structure questions in CSIR NET Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Cell Structure questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 121–135 of 135.

Collagen fibers of the matrix are interwoven with which kind of molecule?Read the answer and worked solution →When a matrix molecule binds a surface receptor, which change happens next inside the cell?Read the answer and worked solution →The chemical signals begun at a matrix receptor reach the nucleus and do what?Read the answer and worked solution →Damaged cells lining a blood vessel display which protein receptor?Read the answer and worked solution →Binding of tissue factor to a matrix factor produces which combination of effects?Read the answer and worked solution →Which junction type is found only in plant cells?Read the answer and worked solution →What do plasmodesmata connect between adjacent plant cells?Read the answer and worked solution →Which tissues carry out most of the long-distance transport of water in a plant?Read the answer and worked solution →Which two proteins predominantly hold a tight junction together?Read the answer and worked solution →Tight junctions in the lining of the urinary bladder serve which purpose?Read the answer and worked solution →A desmosome is built from cadherins linked to which cytoskeletal element?Read the answer and worked solution →Desmosomes keep cells in sheets in which kinds of tissue?Read the answer and worked solution →How many connexin proteins arrange themselves to form one connexon?Read the answer and worked solution →Why are gap junctions especially important in cardiac muscle?Read the answer and worked solution →What do gap junctions and plasmodesmata have in common?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Collagen fibers of the matrix are interwoven with which kind of molecule?

  1. Sheets of phospholipid bilayer
  2. Strands of nucleic acid
  3. Proteins bearing carbohydrate
  4. Chains of fatty acid tails
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Correct answer: C. Proteins bearing carbohydrate

1. Collagen fibers form the bulk of the material released into the extracellular space. 2. Interwoven with them are carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. 3. Collagen and proteoglycans together are what is called the extracellular matrix. 4. Nucleic acid strands stay inside the cell, so they play no part in the matrix. 5. The interwoven molecules are proteins bearing carbohydrate. _Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 "Cell Structure", section 4.6 Connections between Cells and Cellular Activities_

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When a matrix molecule binds a surface receptor, which change happens next inside the cell?

  1. The nucleus at once copies its DNA
  2. The Golgi releases stored calcium
  3. The lysosome lowers its internal pH
  4. The microfilaments change their shape
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Correct answer: D. The microfilaments change their shape

1. Cells carry protein receptors on the extracellular surfaces of their plasma membranes. 2. A molecule within the matrix binds to such a receptor. 3. Binding changes the molecular structure of the receptor itself. 4. The receptor in turn changes the conformation of the microfilaments positioned just inside the plasma membrane. 5. Only after that do chemical signals travel on toward the nucleus. 6. DNA copying is not the immediate next event, so that answer skips several steps. 7. Calcium is stored by the smooth ER rather than released by the Golgi, so that answer misassigns the organelle. 8. The next change is a conformational change in the microfilaments. _Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 "Cell Structure", section 4.6 Connections between Cells and Cellular Activities_

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The chemical signals begun at a matrix receptor reach the nucleus and do what?

  1. Switch transcription of DNA on or off
  2. Split the nuclear envelope into two
  3. Pump calcium out of the nucleoplasm
  4. Fuse the nucleolus with the chromatin
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Correct answer: A. Switch transcription of DNA on or off

1. A matrix molecule binds a receptor and the receptor changes shape. 2. The receptor then changes the conformation of the microfilaments just inside the membrane. 3. Those conformational changes induce chemical signals inside the cell. 4. The signals reach the nucleus and switch the transcription of specific sections of DNA on or off. 5. Changing transcription changes the production of the associated proteins. 6. That in turn changes the activities taking place within the cell, which is the point of the whole chain. 7. The nuclear step is switching DNA transcription on or off. _Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 "Cell Structure", section 4.6 Connections between Cells and Cellular Activities_

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