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AP Biology Unit 4B: Neural Control & Signal Coordination — practice questions

Explore 60 free Unit 4B: Neural Control & Signal Coordination questions in AP Biology Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Unit 4B: Neural Control & Signal Coordination questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–30 of 60.

The structural and functional unit of the nervous system, specialised to receive and transmit stimuli as electrical impulses, is which cell?Read the answer and worked solution →Which part of a neuron is a single elongated process that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body toward the next neuron?Read the answer and worked solution →The myelin sheath around an axon is interrupted at regular intervals by small gaps. These gaps are called what?Read the answer and worked solution →At a synapse, the impulse passing from one neuron's axon terminal to the next neuron is carried across the gap by the release of which kind of substance?Read the answer and worked solution →A neuron that carries impulses from a sense organ toward the central nervous system is classified functionally as which type?Read the answer and worked solution →The important neurotransmitter released by neurons that allows impulses to pass across a synapse is named which of the following?Read the answer and worked solution →The brain is wrapped in three connective tissue membranes for protection. The outermost, tough fibrous one of these meninges is called what?Read the answer and worked solution →Which part of the brain is the largest, forms nearly two-thirds of the brain, and is responsible for thinking, memory, reasoning and intelligence?Read the answer and worked solution →The second largest part of the brain, which coordinates voluntary movements and maintains the balance of the body, is which structure?Read the answer and worked solution →The watery, lymph-like fluid that surrounds the brain inside the skull, acts as a shock absorber and fills the central canal of the spinal cord is known as what?Read the answer and worked solution →Sneezing, coughing and the winking of eyes when dust enters are inbuilt, unlearned automatic responses. They are best classified as which type of reflex?Read the answer and worked solution →Most reflex actions in the body are monitored and controlled by which structure, which is why they are also called spinal reflexes?Read the answer and worked solution →How many pairs of cranial nerves and spinal nerves, respectively, are present in the human peripheral nervous system?Read the answer and worked solution →Order the reflex arcRead the answer and worked solution →Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus are called:Read the answer and worked solution →The nucleus of the cell was discovered by:Read the answer and worked solution →A feature common to plant sieve-tube cells and mature mammalian RBCs isRead the answer and worked solution →The endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes is calledRead the answer and worked solution →Which of these is the largest among typical cells/structures?Read the answer and worked solution →The 'powerhouse of the cell' is theRead the answer and worked solution →Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?Read the answer and worked solution →According to the fluid-mosaic model, the cell membrane is composed mainly ofRead the answer and worked solution →Which is absent in a prokaryotic cell?Read the answer and worked solution →Genetic material in a eukaryotic cell is primarily located in theRead the answer and worked solution →Which cell organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular digestion?Read the answer and worked solution →The cell theory was NOT proposed byRead the answer and worked solution →Plant cells differ from animal cells in havingRead the answer and worked solution →Diploblastic animals have two embryonic germ layers — ectoderm and:Read the answer and worked solution →As per your syllabus, what is the LIMIT OF RESOLUTION of the human eye — the closest distance at which two points appear distinct?Read the answer and worked solution →The cerebral lobe primarily responsible for VISION is the:Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

The structural and functional unit of the nervous system, specialised to receive and transmit stimuli as electrical impulses, is which cell?

  1. Neuron
  2. Neuroglia
  3. Erythrocyte
  4. Schwann cell
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Correct answer: A. Neuron

1. The nervous system's basic working unit conducts electrical impulses. 2. Neuroglia are supporting cells that do not conduct impulses, ruling out option B. 3. Erythrocytes are red blood cells, unrelated to nerve conduction, ruling out option C. 4. The impulse-conducting unit is the neuron, option A. _Source: Samacheer Kalvi (TN SCERT) Class 10 Science, Unit 15 Nervous System "Neuron or nerve cell", p.226_

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Which part of a neuron is a single elongated process that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body toward the next neuron?

  1. Dendrite
  2. Cyton
  3. Synapse
  4. Axon
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Correct answer: D. Axon

1. The process described is single, long and conducts impulses away from the cell body. 2. Dendrites are many branched projections that conduct impulses toward the cyton, ruling out option A. 3. The cyton is the cell body itself, and a synapse is a junction, ruling out options B and C. 4. The single process carrying impulses away is the axon, option D. _Source: Samacheer Kalvi (TN SCERT) Class 10 Science, Unit 15 Nervous System "Axon", p.226_

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The myelin sheath around an axon is interrupted at regular intervals by small gaps. These gaps are called what?

  1. Synaptic knobs
  2. Nodes of Ranvier
  3. Nissl's granules
  4. Plasmodesmata
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Correct answer: B. Nodes of Ranvier

1. The question asks for the regular gaps along the myelin sheath of an axon. 2. The myelin sheath insulates the axon but is broken at intervals. 3. Option A (synaptic knobs) are swellings at the very end of the axon, not gaps along it, a trap. 4. Option C (Nissl's granules) sit inside the cell body, not on the axon sheath. 5. Option D (plasmodesmata) are plant cell connections, unrelated to animal nerve cells. 6. The breaks along the myelin sheath are the Nodes of Ranvier. 7. So the answer is option B. _Source: Samacheer Kalvi (TN SCERT) Class 10 Science, Unit 15 Nervous System "Axon", p.226_

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