AP Biology Gene Expression — practice questions
31 free MCQs with worked solutions. Tap any question for the answer + explanation, or practice them all in the app.
Practice AP Biology Gene Expression in the app →In prokaryotic cells, transcription and translation occur almost simultaneously and there is no nucleus to sepEukaryotic cells physically separate transcription and translation into two compartments. Where does each procUnlike prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells can regulate gene expression at many different stages of the pathwaProteins needed for a specific function, such as using lactose as an energy source, are often encoded togetherIn prokaryotic operons, three types of regulatory molecules can affect gene expression. Match each molecule toThe trp operon in E. coli controls synthesis of the amino acid tryptophan. What happens to the trp operon whenWhen tryptophan is abundant inside an E. coli cell, two tryptophan molecules bind the trp repressor protein. WCatabolite activator protein (CAP) is described as a positive regulator that responds to falling glucose levelFor the lac operon to be transcribed, two conditions must both be met at the same time. What are they?If glucose is absent but lactose is also absent, what happens to transcription of the lac operon?The first level of DNA packing in a eukaryotic nucleus involves DNA winding around specific proteins to form sChemical tags such as phosphate, methyl, or acetyl groups can be added to histone proteins and DNA. What do thA DNA region called a CpG island, found in gene promoters, has a high frequency of cytosine and guanine pairs.In eukaryotic transcription, RNA polymerase cannot start the process alone. What must happen first for transcrWithin the promoter, just upstream of the transcriptional start site, sits a short repeat of thymine and adeniEnhancers are eukaryotic DNA sequences that boost transcription of a gene. How far can an enhancer be located A transcription factor binding site located on the same chromosome, right next to the gene it regulates, is deIn eukaryotic post-transcriptional processing, the RNA transcript contains regions that are removed before traAlternative RNA splicing allows one gene to produce different protein products by removing different combinatiBefore an mRNA leaves the nucleus, it receives two protective modifications at its two ends. What are these twThe length of time an RNA molecule stays intact in the cytoplasm before it decays is referred to by a specificmicroRNAs, or miRNAs, are short RNA molecules that regulate gene expression after transcription. Roughly how lTranslation begins when a specific protein first binds the mRNA to start assembling the initiation complex. WhA protein tagged with an ubiquitin group is marked for a specific fate inside the cell. What happens to that pCyclin B is a protein that normally serves as a cell-cycle checkpoint protein. In cancer cells, what post-tranOne tumor suppressor gene is described as the most studied of its kind and is mutated in over half of all cancThe gene myc encodes a transcription factor that becomes an oncogene when aberrantly activated. With which canIn cancer cells, silenced genes commonly show a specific combination of epigenetic changes in their promoter rThe protein c-Flip exists in two forms, a long form and a short form, and is involved in the cell death pathwaSome new cancer drugs are designed around individual patients' gene expression patterns rather than a one-sizeRegulatory proteins that bind to the untranslated regions of an RNA molecule can change how long that RNA pers