In eukaryotic post-transcriptional processing, the RNA transcript contains regions that are removed before translation, and regions that code for protein and remain. Name each type of region.
AExons are removed by splicing, and introns are the regions that code for protein
BIntrons are removed by splicing, and exons are the regions that code for protein
CBoth introns and exons are removed by splicing, leaving only the UTRs
DNeither introns nor exons are ever removed from the mature mRNA
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. Introns are removed by splicing, and exons are the regions that code for protein
1. The eukaryotic RNA transcript often contains regions called introns that are removed prior to translation.
2. The regions of RNA that code for protein are called exons.
3. After transcription, the RNA is processed and the introns are removed by splicing before it leaves the nucleus.
4. Swapping the definitions of introns and exons reverses which region is removed and which one codes for protein.
5. The UTRs are separate untranslated regions flanking the coding sequence, distinct from the intron and exon distinction being tested here.
_Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 16 "Gene Expression", section RNA splicing, the first stage of post-transcriptional control_
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