Regulatory proteins that bind to the untranslated regions of an RNA molecule can change how long that RNA persists. What are these proteins called, and where do they bind?
ARNA-binding proteins, which bind the TATA box
BTranscription factors, which bind the 5' or 3' UTR
CRNA-binding proteins, which bind the 5' or 3' UTR
DHistones, which bind the 5' or 3' UTR
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. RNA-binding proteins, which bind the 5' or 3' UTR
1. Binding of proteins to the RNA can influence its stability.
2. These proteins, called RNA-binding proteins or RBPs, bind to regions of the RNA just upstream or downstream of the coding region, the 5' and 3' UTRs.
3. The binding of RBPs to these regions can increase or decrease the stability of the RNA molecule.
4. The TATA box is a DNA promoter element, not an RNA region, so RBPs binding there does not match the description.
5. Transcription factors and histones act on DNA during transcription and packing, not on RNA stability through UTR binding.
_Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 16 "Gene Expression", section Control of RNA Stability_
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