A string vibrating at its fundamental frequency f1 is made to take up the next two standing wave patterns. What frequencies are those?
A1.5 f1 and 2 f1
Bf1 / 2 and f1 / 3
C4 f1 and 9 f1
D2 f1 and 3 f1
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. 2 f1 and 3 f1
1. The overtones, also called harmonics, are whole-number multiples of the fundamental frequency.
2. The next pattern up fits one more half wavelength on the string, halving the wavelength and doubling the frequency, so f_2 = 2 f_1.
3. The one after that gives f_3 = 3 f_1, and the pattern continues.
4. Fractions of the fundamental would need wavelengths longer than 2L, which cannot fit between two fixed ends.
5. Squared multiples such as 4 and 9 belong to no standing wave pattern on a string.
_Source: OpenStax College Physics (CC BY 4.0), Ch 16 "Oscillatory Motion and Waves", section Standing Waves_
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