A spring scale stretches 5.00 cm when a 2.00 kg fish hangs at rest from it. With g taken as 9.80 m/s squared, what is the force constant of its spring?
A196 N/m
B392 N/m
C39.2 N/m
D0.392 N/m
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. 392 N/m
1. The fish hangs at rest, so the restoring force of the spring equals the weight it supports.
2. Weight w = m g = (2.00 kg)(9.80 m/s squared) = 19.6 N.
3. Convert the stretch: 5.00 cm = 5.00 x 10^-2 m.
4. k = F / x = 19.6 N / (5.00 x 10^-2 m) = 392 N/m.
5. Dividing by 5.00 cm without converting to meters gives 3.92 N/cm, which is the same thing written badly, while forgetting g altogether gives 40.0 N/m.
_Source: OpenStax College Physics (CC BY 4.0), Ch 16 "Oscillatory Motion and Waves", section 16.1 Hooke's Law: Stress and Strain Revisited_
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