'CONSTITUTIONALISM' as a research theme examines:

1. CONSTITUTIONALISM is the doctrine and practice of LIMITED GOVERNMENT under law. 2. CORE ELEMENTS: 3. (i) LIMITED GOVERNMENT — government acts only within powers conferred by constitution; 4. (ii) SEPARATION OF POWERS — legislature, executive, judiciary; 5. (iii) CHECKS AND BALANCES — between branches; 6. (iv) BILL OF RIGHTS — fundamental rights protected; 7. (v) JUDICIAL REVIEW — courts enforce constitutional limits; 8. (vi) INDEPENDENT INSTITUTIONS — Election Commission, CAG, CVC; 9. (vii) RULE OF LAW — equality before law, due process. 10. INDIAN CONSTITUTIONALISM features: 11. (i) Federalism with strong Centre; 12. (ii) Parliamentary system; 13. (iii) Basic structure doctrine (Kesavananda); 14. (iv) Strong judicial review; 15. (v) DPSP-FR balance. 16. THEORISTS: Dicey (Rule of Law); Madison (separation of powers); modern: Bruce Ackerman, Ronald Dworkin, Mark Tushnet. 17. INDIAN: B.R. Ambedkar (Constituent Assembly Debates); Granville Austin ('The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation' 1966); Upendra Baxi. 18. Hence option B is correct. _Source: Legal Research Methodology + Jurisprudence — Constitutionalism theory_