The EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS (ECHR), based in Strasbourg, has jurisdiction over State Parties of the:
Aonly EU Member States (cf. European Convention on Human Rights 1950 (ECHR)) (cf. European Convention on Human Rights 1950 (ECHR))
Bonly NATO countries (cf. European Convention on Human Rights 1950 (ECHR)) (cf. European Convention on Human Rights 1950 (ECHR))
CEuropean Convention on Human Rights 1950 — currently 46 Council of Europe Member States (Russia excluded 2022)
Donly Eurozone members (cf. European Convention on Human Rights 1950 (ECHR)) (cf. European Convention on Human Rights 1950 (ECHR))
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. European Convention on Human Rights 1950 — currently 46 Council of Europe Member States (Russia excluded 2022)
1. The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) was adopted on 4 November 1950 by the Council of Europe and entered into force on 3 September 1953.
2. The Convention establishes the EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS at STRASBOURG, France.
3. Individuals can directly bring cases against State Parties — most successful regional human rights system.
4. Currently 46 State Parties (all 46 Council of Europe Members; Russia was expelled in March 2022 after invasion of Ukraine).
5. Major jurisprudence: Soering v UK (1989) on extradition + non-refoulement; Marckx v Belgium (1979) on illegitimate children; etc.
6. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: International HR Treaties + Indian Constitutional Jurisprudence — European Convention on Human Rights 1950 (ECHR)_
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