Article 3 CAT 1984 codifies the principle of NON-REFOULEMENT:
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B.
1. Article 3(1) CAT: 'No State Party shall expel, return (refouler) or extradite a person to another State where there are substantial grounds for believing that he would be in danger of being subjected to torture.'
2. Article 3(2): for the purpose of determining whether there are such grounds, the competent authorities shall take into account all relevant considerations including a consistent pattern of gross, flagrant or mass violations of human rights.
3. The CAT principle of non-refoulement is ABSOLUTE — even for persons who pose security threats (Soering v UK, ECHR 1989; Chahal v UK, ECHR 1996).
4. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: UDHR 1948 / ICCPR 1966 / ICESCR 1966 / CAT 1984 / CEDAW 1979 / CRC 1989 / PHRA 1993 / Constitution Part III — Convention Against Torture 1984, Article 3_
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