The CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE 1984 (CAT) defines 'torture' in Article 1 as:

1. Article 1 CAT 1984: 'For the purposes of this Convention, the term 'torture' means any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity.' 2. Three constitutive elements: (i) severe pain/suffering; (ii) intent + prohibited purpose; (iii) official involvement. 3. India SIGNED CAT in 1997 but has NOT yet RATIFIED. 4. Hence option B is correct. _Source: UDHR 1948 / ICCPR 1966 / ICESCR 1966 / CAT 1984 / CEDAW 1979 / CRC 1989 / PHRA 1993 / Constitution Part III — Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 1984, Article 1_