The UN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE (HRC) is a body of independent experts established under:
AArticle 92 UN Charter, replacing the ICJ for human rights matters (cf. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966, Article 28)
Bthe UN Human Rights Council under Resolution 60/251 (cf. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966, Article 28)
CArticle 28 ICCPR 1966, monitoring State Parties' compliance with the Covenant — distinct from the UN Human Rights Council (a political body)
Dthe Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 alone (cf. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966, Article 28)
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. Article 28 ICCPR 1966, monitoring State Parties' compliance with the Covenant — distinct from the UN Human Rights Council (a political body)
1. Article 28 ICCPR: 'There shall be established a Human Rights Committee... It shall consist of eighteen members and shall carry out the functions hereinafter provided.'
2. The Human Rights Committee (HRC) — 18 independent experts — monitors implementation of ICCPR by State Parties through (i) periodic State reports; (ii) general comments; (iii) individual communications under the First Optional Protocol.
3. DISTINCT from the UN Human Rights Council (a UN political body of 47 Member States).
4. India is party to the ICCPR but NOT the First Optional Protocol — no individual communications against India.
5. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: UN Charter 1945 / Vienna Convention on Law of Treaties 1969 / Geneva Conventions 1949 / ICJ Statute / UDHR ICCPR ICESCR — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966, Article 28_
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