WAR CRIMES under Article 8 Rome Statute include 'grave breaches' of the Geneva Conventions of 1949, such as:
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B.
1. Article 8(2)(a) Rome Statute defines war crimes as 'grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949': (i) wilful killing; (ii) torture or inhuman treatment, including biological experiments; (iii) wilfully causing great suffering, or serious injury to body or health; (iv) extensive destruction and appropriation of property not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly; (v) compelling a prisoner of war or other protected person to serve in the forces of a hostile Power; (vi) wilfully depriving a prisoner of war or other protected person of the rights of fair and regular trial; (vii) unlawful deportation or transfer or unlawful confinement; (viii) taking of hostages.
2. Article 8(2)(b)-(e) extend to other serious violations of IHL in international and non-international armed conflicts.
3. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: UN Charter 1945 / Vienna Convention on Law of Treaties 1969 / Geneva Conventions 1949 / ICJ Statute / UDHR ICCPR ICESCR — Rome Statute of the ICC 1998, Article 8(2)(a); Geneva Conventions 1949 grave breaches_
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