The UN HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL (UNHRC), based in Geneva, was established in 2006 by:
Aa treaty between several Western European States (cf. GA Resolution 60/251, 15 March 2006)
Bthe Security Council acting under Chapter VII (cf. GA Resolution 60/251, 15 March 2006)
CGA Resolution 60/251 — replacing the Commission on Human Rights, with the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) mechanism
Da separate international convention requiring State ratification (cf. GA Resolution 60/251, 15 March 2006)
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. GA Resolution 60/251 — replacing the Commission on Human Rights, with the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) mechanism
1. The UN Human Rights Council was established by GA Resolution 60/251 on 15 March 2006, replacing the Commission on Human Rights (which had operated since 1946 under ECOSOC).
2. The Council consists of 47 Member States elected by GA, with seats apportioned by region.
3. Innovation: the UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW (UPR) — each UN Member State's human rights record is reviewed every 4.5 years.
4. Special Procedures: Special Rapporteurs, Independent Experts, Working Groups investigate thematic and country-specific issues.
5. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: UN Charter 1945 / Vienna Convention on Law of Treaties 1969 / Geneva Conventions 1949 / ICJ Statute / UDHR ICCPR ICESCR — GA Resolution 60/251, 15 March 2006_
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