Section 65A Copyright Act 1957, inserted by the 2012 Amendment, crimin…

Question

Section 65A Copyright Act 1957, inserted by the 2012 Amendment, criminalises:

Accepted Answer

C. circumvention of effective TECHNOLOGICAL MEASURES applied for the purpose of protecting any of the rights conferred by this Act, with the intention of infringing such rights

1. Section 65A Copyright Act 1957 (inserted by the 2012 Amendment): 'Any person who circumvents an effective technological measure applied for the purpose of protecting any of the rights conferred by this Act, with the intention of infringing such rights, shall be punishable with imprisonment which may extend to TWO YEARS and shall also be liable to fine.'
2. The Section implements WIPO Copyright Treaty 1996 Article 11 obligations (anti-circumvention of TPMs).
3. Section 65B prohibits removal or alteration of rights management information.
4. Defences include lawful circumvention for research, education, security testing, etc. (Section 65A subsections 2 to 4).
5. Hence option A is correct.
_Source: Patents Act 1970 / Copyright Act 1957 / Trade Marks Act 1999 (Bare Acts, IPIndia portal + Copyright Office) — Copyright Act 1957, Section 65A (inserted by Copyright (Amendment) Act 2012; WCT Article 11)_

Answer

any commercial use of any work, even where the author has expressly licensed it (cf. Copyright Act 1957, Section 65A (inserted by Copyright (Amendment) Act 2012; WCT Article 11))

Answer

any private personal use of any copyrighted work, regardless of consent of owner (cf. Copyright Act 1957, Section 65A (inserted by Copyright (Amendment) Act 2012; WCT Article 11))

Answer

any reproduction of works for educational use in schools and universities in India (cf. Copyright Act 1957, Section 65A (inserted by Copyright (Amendment) Act 2012; WCT Article 11))