The executive power of the Union under Article 53(1) is vested in:
AThe President of India, exercised directly or through officers subordinate to him
BThe Cabinet Secretariat, which assists the Cabinet of the Union in functioning
CThe Union Council of Ministers collectively, under Article 74 of the Constitution
DThe Prime Minister of India, who heads the Council of Ministers under Article 75
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. The President of India, exercised directly or through officers subordinate to him
1. Article 53(1) reads: 'The executive power of the Union shall be vested in the President and shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with this Constitution.'
2. The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers AID AND ADVISE the President under Article 74, but the executive power is constitutionally vested in the President.
3. Article 74(1), post the 42nd and 44th Amendments, makes that advice (with one reconsideration) binding on the President.
4. Hence option D is correct.
_Source: Constitution of India (Bare Act, updated to 105th Amendment Act 2021), Govt. of India Legislative Dept., Article 53(1)_
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