How many Fundamental Duties are currently enumerated in Article 51A of the Constitution?
ATen — as originally enacted by the Forty-second Amendment Act, 1976
BTwelve — after the One Hundredth Amendment Act, 2015 added another duty
CEleven — after the Eighty-sixth Amendment Act, 2002 added clause (k)
DFifteen — a frequent legacy figure from pre-amendment Constituent Assembly drafts
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. Eleven — after the Eighty-sixth Amendment Act, 2002 added clause (k)
1. Article 51A originally enumerated ten Fundamental Duties when inserted by the 42nd Amendment, 1976.
2. The 86th Amendment Act, 2002 added clause (k): the parental duty to provide opportunities for education to a child or ward between the ages of six and fourteen years.
3. The current count is therefore ELEVEN.
4. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: Constitution of India (Bare Act, updated to 105th Amendment Act 2021), Govt. of India Legislative Dept., Article 51A(a)-(k)_
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